心叶日中花对盐和干旱胁迫的生理响应  

Physiological Response of Mesembryanthemum Cordifolium L.F.to Salt and Drought Stresses

作　　者：付娆 张海洋 梁晓艳[1] 李萌[1] 李俊林 宋延静 李茹霞 王向誉[1] Fu Rao;Zhang Haiyang;Liang Xiaoyan;Li Meng;Li Junlin;Song Yanjing;Li Ruxia;Wang Xiangyu(Shandong Institute of Sericulture,Yantai 264002,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省蚕业研究所,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第6期17-21,27,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省“渤海粮仓”科技示范工程项目(2019BHLC004);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF107080);烟台市科技计划项目(2018ZHGY081);山东省自然科学青年基金项目(ZR2020QC062);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018F6)。

摘　　要：以耐旱性较好的心叶日中花为试材,采用珍珠岩基质扦插栽培方式,用300 mmol/L NaCl、18‰盐度海水和30%PEG-6000分别模拟单盐、复合盐和干旱胁迫,通过测定各处理不同处理天数后叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白含量的变化情况,分析其对盐和干旱胁迫的生理响应。结果表明,NaCl单盐、海水复合盐和干旱胁迫下,1~3 d内心叶日中花SOD、POD、CAT活性显著升高,但3 d后酶活性开始降低;膜脂质过氧化产物MDA含量呈持续升高趋势,渗透调节物质可溶性蛋白含量呈先升高后下降趋势。海水复合盐胁迫下抗氧化酶活性的增加及MDA、可溶性蛋白的积累,相较于NaCl单盐胁迫有所滞后。综上所述,心叶日中花通过提高抗氧化酶活性,增加渗透调节物质含量,来快速响应盐和干旱胁迫,但长时间的高盐和缺水逆境条件下,活性氧大量积累,膜功能受损,渗透调节物质无法合成和积累,植物生长受到抑制。Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L.F.with better drought tolerance was used as experimental material and perlite was used as substrate for cutting culture.300 mmol/L NaCl,18‰seawater and 30%PEG-6000 were employed to simulate the single salt,compound salt and drought stress respectively.The changes of the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and soluble protein in leaves after different treatment days were investigated to analyze the physiological response mechanism to salt and drought stresses.The results showed that the activities of SOD,POD and CAT were significantly increased within 1 d to 3 d,but decreased after 3 d under NaCl,seawater and drought stresses.MDA content of the membrane lipid peroxidation product showed a trend of continuous increase,while the content of osmotic regulatory substance soluble protein showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The increase of antioxidant enzyme activities and the accumulation of MDA and soluble protein under seawater stress lagged behind that under NaCl stress.In conclusion,M.cordifolium responded to salt and drought stresses rapidly by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic regulation substance content.However,the accumulation of reactive oxygen leaded to the damage of membrane function and the inability of synthesis and accumulation of osmotic regulation substances,which leaded to the inhibition of plant growth under high salt and drought stresses for a long time.

关 键 词：心叶日中花 盐胁迫 干旱胁迫 抗氧化酶 丙二醛 可溶性蛋白 

分 类 号：S682.01[农业科学—观赏园艺]