牡丹秋季开花过程中生理生化变化及DNA甲基化差异  

Variation in Physiological and Biochemical Properties and DNA Methylation Patterns during Autumn Flowering of Tree Peony(Paeonia Suffruticosa)

作　　者：袁雪 袁涛[1] 刘少丹 Yuan Xue;Yuan Tao;Liu Shaodan(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding,Beijing 100083;Luoyang International Peony Park,Luoyang 471011)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]洛阳国际牡丹园,洛阳471011

出　　处：《林业科学》2021年第5期53-67,共15页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家林业局行业标准项目“牡丹综合体”(2018-LY-054);国家林业局重点科学研究项目(2008-10);北京市共建项目专项。

摘　　要：【目的】牡丹花期短而集中,为探究牡丹秋季开花机制,研究牡丹秋季开花过程中赤霉素和DNA甲基化的作用。【方法】以河南洛阳露地栽培的春秋二季开花牡丹品种‘户川寒’为试验材料,2019年9月中旬试验材料自然落叶前,平均分为4组,对照组无脱叶无药剂处理,3个处理组分别经脱叶、脱叶+650 mg·L^(-1)赤霉素(GA 3)、脱叶+500 mg·L^(-1)多效唑(PP 333)处理,观察记录各处理组与对照在秋季萌芽、开花过程中的生长发育情况,并测定各处理组生理生化及基因组DNA甲基化状态。【结果】1)4组牡丹‘户川寒’均能在秋季萌动、开花,但施加处理能够促进秋季二次萌动开花提前且增加开放整齐度,其中脱叶+650 mg·L^(-1) GA 3处理促进萌动和花朵开放作用最佳,在处理后11天时萌动率已达81.4%,并于42天时进入初花期,初花期时间较对照组提前30天。2)脱叶+650 mg·L^(-1) GA 3、脱叶、脱叶+500 mg·L^(-1) PP 333都促进了‘户川寒’秋季较快较整齐地萌芽和生长,且对开花的加速作用依次降低,说明脱叶能够促进芽的萌动和生长,施加GA 3具有叠加促进效应,PP 333会一定程度抵消脱叶产生的促进效应。脱叶在短时间内发挥了对GA 3、GA 4含量的抑制作用后,又使芽内GA 3、GA 4的含量升高而ABA含量下降,施加GA 3后加强了GA 3、GA 4含量升高和ABA含量下降的强度,且延长了GA 3、GA 4含量上升期,而施加PP 333表现出相反的作用。3)芽萌动开花伴随大量淀粉和可溶性糖消耗,高浓度的可溶性糖含量可能有利于芽的萌动。4)MSAP检测结果显示,在整个试验期间‘户川寒’DNA总甲基化的变化范围为57.3%~72.4%,开始萌动前达到DNA甲基化的最高水平,之后逐渐下降。以对照1天时状态为基准,对比其甲基化状态与各处理不同时期甲基化状态发现,处理组甲基化状态变化更活跃,且集中为去甲基化和超甲基化2种模式。各处理组去甲【Objective】Tree peony(Paeonia suffruticosa)has a short and concentrated florescence,in order to explore the mechanism of autumn flowering,we studied the effects of gibberellin and DNA methylation during autumn flowering of tree peony.【Method】Before natural defoliation in the middle September,all plants of the variety(P.suffruticosa‘Togawakan’,a spring and autumn flowering variety of tree peony planted in the open field in Luoyang,Henan Province)were divided into 4 treatment groups:defoliation,defoliation+650 mg·L^(-1) gibberellin(GA 3),defoliation+500 mg·L^(-1) paclobutrazol(PP 333)processing,and no treatment.Growth performance of the treatment groups and the control was observed and recorded during autumn bud germination and flowering process,and the physiological and biochemical processes and methylation of genomic DNA of the treatment groups were measured.【Result】1)All of the four treatment groups could naturally flower in the autumn,but applying the treatments could promote‘Togawakan’autumn secondary flowering in advance and increase the effect of the flowering uniformity.Particularly,the treatment group of defoliation+650 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 had the best effect on promoting‘Togawakan’to sprout and flower,with a sprouting rate of 81.4%,11 days after the treatment,and initial flowering started 42 days after treatment,30 days earlier than the control group.2)The defoliation+650 mg·L^(-1) GA 3,defoliation and defoliation+500 mg·L^(-1) PP 333 all contributed to fast and neat sprout and growth of the variety‘Togawakan’,and the acceleration of flowering decreased in turn,suggesting that defoliation could promote sprout and growth of the buds,applying GA 3 has superposition promoting effect,PP 333 could offset the promoting effect of defoliation to a certain degree.Defoliation exerted an inhibitory effect on GA 3 and GA 4 content for a short time at first,then followed by an increase of GA 3 and GA 4 contents,and a decrease of ABA content in buds.The application of GA 3 enhanced the inten

关 键 词：牡丹 秋季开花 脱叶 赤霉素 多效唑 DNA甲基化 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]