杉木无性系新品种‘洋020’和‘洋061’10年生幼龄材微观结构与力学性能的相关性  

Relativity of Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Juvenile Woods of 10-Year-Old New Chinese Fir Clones‘Yang 020’and‘Yang 061’

作　　者：贾茹 孙海燕 王玉荣[1,2] 汪睿 赵荣军 任海青[1] Jia Ru;Sun Haiyan;Wang Yurong;Wang Rui;Zhao Rongjun;Ren Haiqing(Research Institute of Wood Industry,CAF Beijing 100091;Research Institute of Forestry New Technology,CAF Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学》2021年第5期165-175,共11页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0600201)。

摘　　要：【目的】阐明杉木无性系间幼龄材的力学性能差异,筛选力学性能优良的无性系,探究影响杉木幼龄材力学性能的微观结构特征,为杉木优良无性系选育、杉木木材加工利用和加工工艺研发提供科学依据。【方法】以福建洋口国有林场杉木无性系品种比对示范试验林中2个经国家认定的杉木无性系新品种‘洋020’和‘洋061’10年生幼龄材为试验材料,各采伐8株标准株作为样木。按照国标加工、制备主要力学性能试件,测定木材抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、顺纹抗压强度和硬度,应用光学显微图像分析系统、X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外显微成像等技术观测样品显微构造并测量微纤丝角、结晶度和木质素含量。采用单因素方差分析进行数据处理,系统分析2个杉木无性系幼龄材微观结构与力学性能的相关性。【结果】杉木无性系‘洋020’早材管胞形态与‘洋061’较为接近,但年轮晚材区比‘洋061’宽,管胞壁较厚,管胞腔较小,壁腔比较‘洋061’约大25%。‘洋020’的平均微纤丝角为12.06°,较‘洋061’(14.97°)约小18%;平均结晶度为39.73%,较‘洋061’(35.88%)高11%左右;木质素含量特征峰高比的平均值较‘洋061’高8%左右;平均抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、顺纹抗压强度和硬度分别为51.36 MPa、10.18 GPa、30.27 MPa和1 497 N,较‘洋061’的平均抗弯强度(42.56 MPa)、抗弯弹性模量(8.98 GPa)、顺纹抗压强度(27.20 MPa)和硬度(1 391 N)分别高21%、13%、11%和8%。【结论】除结晶度外,杉木无性系‘洋020’与‘洋061’幼龄材在解剖构造参数、微纤丝角和木质素等微观结构因子方面均存在显著性差异,‘洋020’幼龄材的抗弯、抗压和硬度等力学性能均高于‘洋061’。杉木无性系幼龄材管胞壁厚度、壁腔比等解剖构造参数以及木质素含量与力学性能呈正相关,细胞壁纤维素微纤丝角与力学性能呈负相关,�【Objective】To understand the difference in mechanical properties of juvenile woods among Chinese fir clones,a serial of standard wood samples were prepared by two new-certificated clones in a 10-year-old growth performance demonstration plantation to analyze the microstructure characteristics of juvenile woods.【Method】The microstructure and mechanical properties of juvenile woods of Chinese fir clones were analyzed by microscopic image analysis system,X-ray diffraction technique,Fourier transform-infrared microscopic imaging and the national standards of mechanical properties testing.The data of microstructures were observed from‘Yang 020’and‘Yang 061’,involving the anatomical structure,microfibril angle,crystallinity and chemical composition lignin,as well as main mechanical properties such as modulus of rupture(MOR),modulus of elasticity(MOE)and compressive strength parallel to grain and hardness,and were processed by one-way variance analysis.【Result】The tracheid morphology of earlywood was similar between‘Yang 020’and‘Yang 061’,however,there was a significant difference on latewood tracheid morphology.In comparison with colne‘Yang 061’,clone‘Yang 020’presented with wider latewood zone,thicker tracheid wall,smaller tracheid lumen and a 25%larger wall-lumen ratio.At the aspect of cell walls,the average microfibril angle for‘Yang 020’and‘Yang 061’was 12.06°and 14.97°,respectively,indicating that a smaller microfibril angle would have more fine mechanical properties for‘Yang 020’.The average crystallinity for‘Yang 061’was 35.88%,about 11%lower than 39.73%for‘Yang 020’.The average lignin content,presented by four groups of characteristic peak ratios on‘Yang 020’was 8%higher than that on‘Yang 061’.The average MOR,MOE,compressive strength parallel to wood grain and wood hardness of‘Yang 020’vs‘Yang 061’was 51.36 MPa vs 42.56 MPa,10.18 GPa vs 8.98 GPa,30.27 MPa vs 27.20 MPa and 1497 N vs 1391 N,respectively.Each mechanical property indicator,su

关 键 词：杉木无性系 幼龄材 解剖构造 微纤丝角 结晶度 木质素 力学性能 

分 类 号：S781.2[农业科学—木材科学与技术]