湖南某铅锌矿无碱浮选试验研究  

Experimental Study for Lime-free Beneficiation of a Lead-Zinc Ore from Hunan

作　　者：李希掌 曾娜 向平 闫飞 周立晨 胡振 LI Xi-zhang;ZENG Na;XIANG Ping;YAN Fei;ZHOU Li-chen;HU Zhen(Hunan Huaqi Resources and Environment Technology Development Co Ltd,Zhuzhou 412000,Hunan,China;Hunan Nonferrous Huangshaping Mining Co Ltd,Chenzhou 423000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南华麒资源环境科技发展有限公司,湖南株洲412000 [2]湖南有色黄沙坪矿业公司,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2021年第3期75-78,83,共5页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

摘　　要：针对硫化铅锌矿浮选分离过程中,传统石灰高碱工艺石灰配制和使用困难、石灰对单质银矿物抑制以及铅锌浮选工艺造成的环境污染等问题,开展了寻找替代传统石灰高碱工艺、开发新型硫化铅锌矿无石灰清洁生产新工艺(以下简称无碱工艺)的试验研究,确定了环保型方铅矿捕收剂HQ77,pH值中性条件下抑制黄铁矿和闪锌矿的高效抑制剂HQD82-1、HQD82-2及HQD52,闪锌矿捕收剂HQ66,并对湖南某铅锌矿样开展了采用"HQ77+HQD82-1+HQD82-2"组方替代"乙硫氮+硫酸锌+石灰+松醇油"组方选铅及"硫酸铜+HQD52+HQ66"组方替代"硫酸铜+MB+石灰+松醇油"组方选锌的清洁生产新工艺小型试验研究,对铅品位2.80%、锌品位6.30%、银品位67 g/t的硫化铅锌矿样进行试验研究,取得了铅精矿铅品位大于65%、回收率大于91%、铅精矿中银回收率大于42%,锌精矿锌品位大于45%、回收率大于93%的理想指标。试验结果表明,无碱工艺能够取代原选厂的传统石灰高碱工艺,与旧工艺相比,铅锌浮选指标相当,但可显著提高银回收率,同时大大减轻选厂环保压力,选厂废水经简单处理(甚至不需处理)便可直接达标外排。In the flotation of Pb-Zn sulfide ore by adopting the traditional lime-consuming high-alkali process,there exist some problems such as the difficulty in making-up and use of lime,the suppression of silver by lime and the pollution resulted by lead-zinc flotation.To solve these problems,a new lime-free process was developed to substitute the high-alkali process.HQ77,an environmental-friendly reagent,was used as the galena collector,three highly efficient depressants,HQD82-1,HQD82-2 and HQD52,were introduced to suppress pyrite and sphalerite under neutral pH conditions,and HQ66 was used as the sphalerite collector.Bench tests were conducted to treat a Pb-Zn ore from Hunan with Pb grade of 2.80%,Zn grade of 6.30%and silver content of 67 g/t.The"ethion nitrogen+zinc sulfate+lime+pineol oil"regime for lead flotation was replaced by the"HQ77+HQD82-1+HQD82-2"regime,while the"copper sulfate+MB+lime+pineol oil"regime for zinc flotation was replaced by the"copper sulfate+HQD52+HQ66"regime.As a result,the tests produced a lead concentrate with Pb grade,Pb recovery and Ag recovery exceeding 65%,91%and 42%,respectively,and a zinc concentrate with Zn grade and recovery exceeding 45%and 93%,respectively.The results show that the lime-free process is a good substitute for the traditional high-alkali process.The comparison of two processing technique shows that the Pb/Zn flotation indices are comparable,but the lime-free scheme can significantly improve the Ag recovery,and also greatly reduce the burden of pollution control.Furthermor,after a simple or even no treatment,the processing water can be discharged.

关 键 词：硫化铅锌矿 高碱工艺 石灰 无碱工艺 COD 捕收剂 抑制剂 锌精矿 铅精矿 浮选 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿]