高产条件下日光温室越冬茬黄瓜适宜滴灌量研究  

Study on Suitable Drip Irrigation Amount of Cucumber of Overwinter Stubble in Solar Greenhouse under High Yield Condition

作　　者：吴兴彪 WU Xingbiao(Beijing Miyun District Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 101500,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市密云区农业技术推广站,北京101500

出　　处：《蔬菜》2021年第7期71-74,共4页Vegetables

基　　金：北京市果类蔬菜产业创新团队(BAIC01-2020)。

摘　　要：为了明确京郊日光温室越冬茬黄瓜高产栽培所需的适宜滴灌量,以黄瓜“津优35”为试材,研究了不同滴灌量对黄瓜灌溉水分配、产量、品质、水分利用效率和经济效益的影响。结果表明:85%农户常规灌溉量处理较对照节水50.8 mm,深层渗漏量减少42.6%,黄瓜产量提高3.6 t/hm^(2),可溶性糖含量提高17.3%,硝酸盐含量降低5.0 mg/kg,果实品质提高;水分利用效率提高3.61 kg/m3,增收1.42万元/hm^(2)。综合来看,85%农户常规灌溉量处理是京郊日光温室越冬茬黄瓜适宜滴灌量,全生育期灌溉总量为327.9 mm,其中苗期41.7 mm,初瓜期43.1 mm,结果期243.1 mm,当埋深20 cm的土壤张力计读数为-21.6 kPa时需进行灌溉。In order to determine the appropriate amount of drip irrigation for high yield cultivation of cucumber of overwinter stubble in solar greenhouse in Beijing suburb,the effects of different amounts of drip irrigation on irrigation water distribution,yield,quality,water production efficiency and economic benefit of cucumber'Jinyou 35'were studied.The results showed that 85%amounts of regular irrigation could save water with 50.8 mm,reduce deep leakage of 42.6%,increase yield and soluble sugar content of cucumber by 3.6 t/hm2 and 17.3%,respectively,decrease nitrate content by 5.0 mg/kg and improve fruit quality.The water production efficiency increased by 3.61 kg/m3 and the income increased by 14200 yuan/hm2.To sum up,85%amounts of regular irrigation treatment was the most suitable irrigation amount for cucumber of overwinter stubble under drip irrigation in solar greenhouse of Beijing suburb.The total irrigation amount in the whole growth period was 327.9 mm,including 41.7 mm in the middle seedling stage,43.1 mm in the early melon stage,243.1 mm in the fruiting stage.Irrigation could be performed when the soil tension meter reading at a soil depth of 20 cm was-21.6 kPa.

关 键 词：高产 日光温室 越冬茬 黄瓜 滴灌量 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学] S642.2