苏梦系列西瓜果皮硬度相关性状分析  

Analysis on hardness related characters of Su-meng series watermelon rind

作　　者：程瑞 徐兵划 许文钊 张朝阳[1] 刘欣 罗德旭[1] 赵建锋[1] 孙玉东[1] 王春 任旭琴[2] CHENG Rui;XU Binghua;XU Wenzhao;ZHANG Chaoyang;LIU Xin;LUO Dexu;ZHAO Jianfeng;SUN Yudong;WANG Chun;REN Xuqin(Huaian Key Laboratory for Facility Vegetables/Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu,Huaian 223001,Jiangsu,China;Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huaian 223002,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]淮安市设施蔬菜重点实验室·江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001 [2]淮阴工学院,江苏淮安223002

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第6期20-27,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：江苏省苏北科技专项(SZ-HA2019014);淮安市重点研发计划(农业和社会发展类)项目(HAN201809);淮安市农业科学研究院科研发展基金(HNY201916);淮安市自然科学研究计划(指导性)项目(HABZ201930)。

摘　　要：以苏梦6号为代表的苏梦系列西瓜果实具有较好的耐裂性,为研究其果皮特性,测定西瓜果皮硬度,采集西瓜常规数量性状,观察果皮组织显微结构,测定果皮内含物含量,分析不同西瓜品种间果皮硬度相关性状差异。结果表明,不同西瓜品种间果皮硬度存在明显差异,果皮硬度越大,果皮石细胞群越丰富且排列越紧密、中果皮层细胞越大。相关性分析发现,西瓜果皮硬度与半纤维素含量呈极显著正相关,与果皮厚度、石细胞占周比、果实中心可溶性固形物含量呈显著正相关,与中果皮层细胞纵径呈显著负相关。通径分析发现,正向作用因子对西瓜果皮硬度直接通径系数较大的为:果皮厚度、果形指数、中果皮层细胞纵径、果皮半纤维素含量、边部可溶性固形物含量;负向作用因子直接通径系数较大的为:外绿果皮层厚度、果皮含水量、表皮层厚度、中心可溶性固形物含量、果皮纤维素含量;其中,果皮半纤维素含量、中心可溶性固形物含量、石细胞群占周比、果皮厚度、中果皮层细胞纵径对果皮硬度总作用系数绝对值均大于0.7,且仅中果皮层细胞纵径总作用系数为负。14个西瓜果皮硬度相关性状经主成分分析可归于4个主成分,累计贡献率为87.43%。西瓜果皮硬度受常规数量性状、果皮显微结构、内含物含量等综合影响。Watermelons of the Su-meng series represented by Su-meng No.6 are more resistant to fruit cracking.To study the characters of watermelon rinds,we collected the conventional parameters of eight watermelon varieties,and analyzed texture properties by CT3 texture analyzer,observed the microstructure of watermelon peel by making paraffin section,detected the contents of water,hemicellulose,cellulose,and pectin in watermelon rinds.The results showed that there were significant differences in rind hardness on different watermelon varieties.The rind microstructures were significantly different among the watermelon cultivars with different rind hardness,the cultivars with higher rind hardness had more abundant sclereid layer with dense arrangement,and thicker of exocarp,larger diameter of mesocarp cells.There was an extremely significant positive correlation between rind hardness and hemicellulose content.The rind hardness was also significantly positively correlated with the peel thickness,the ratio of sclereid layer in rinds,and the fruit central sugar contents.And it was significantly negatively correlated with the diameter of mesocarp cells.The results of path analysis showed that the direct path coefficients of positive factors on rind hardness were as follows:peel thickness,fruit shape index,the diameter of mesocarp cells,hemicellulose content and edge soluble solid content;the direct path coefficients of the negative factors were as follows:outer green peel thickness,peel water content,peel thickness,central soluble solid content and cellulose content;and hemicellulose content,fruit central sugar contents,the ratio of sclereid layer in rinds,peel thickness,the diameter of mesocarp cells on the total effect coefficient of rind hardness were more than 0.7,and only longitudinal diameter of mesocarp cells was negative.The results of principal component analysis showed that there were four principal components classified,and the cumulative proportion reached 87.43%among 14 watermelon characteristics.It suggested that t

关 键 词：西瓜 果皮硬度 果皮结构 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]