改性刺梧桐胶基吸水树脂的合成及防蒸发性能  

Synthesis and anti-evaporation performance of modified karaya gum-based superabsorbent resin

作　　者：赵俊吉 叶喜娥 仇雪雁 刘晓梅 熊红冉 雷自强[1] ZHAO Junji;YE Xi'e;QIU Xueyan;LIU Xiaomei;XIONG Hongran;LEI Ziqiang(Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学化学化工学院,教育部生态功能高分子材料重点实验室,甘肃省生态环境高分子材料重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《精细化工》2021年第6期1122-1129,共8页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51863019)。

摘　　要：以刺梧桐胶(KG)、丙烯酸(AA)、氨基磺酸(AS)和坡缕石(APT)为原料,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂合成了复合高吸水树脂。考察了KG含量[以AA质量(8.4000g)为基准,下同]、KG与AS质量比,APS、MBA含量和AA中和度对高吸水树脂吸水(盐)倍率的影响。利用FTIR、SEM、TG对其结构和形貌进行了表征。测定了高吸水树脂的保水率、最大持水量和防蒸发性能。模拟荒漠化区域,测定了高吸水树脂对沙土水分的蒸发性能。结果显示,在KG、MBA、APS含量分别为AA质量的10%、0.07%、0.6%,APT含量为KG、AS、APS、MBA、AA和Na OH的总质量的2%,AA中和度为70%、m(AS)∶m(KG)=1∶62.5的最优合成条件下,合成的复合高吸水树脂在去离子水、自来水和质量分数0.9%的NaCl溶液中吸水倍率(1110、210和108g/g)均高于两种市售保水剂,具有很好的耐盐性;在12h内,树脂在25、45和60℃下的保水率分别达到54.0%、14.4%和8.0%;复合高吸水树脂含量为0.10%~0.20%时,最大持水量分别高于两种保水剂;复合高吸水树脂可有效地降低土壤水分蒸发。Composite superabsorbent resin was synthesized by using karaya gum(KG), acrylic acid(AA), sulfamic acid(AS) and palygorskite as raw materials, ammonium persulfate(APS) as initiator and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide(MBA) as cross-linking agent. The effects of KG content(based on the mass of AA, the same below), mass ratio of KG to AS, APS content, MBA content, and neutralization degree of AA on the water absorbency of the superabsorbent resin were investigated. The structure and morphology of the prepared superabsorbent resin were characterized by FTIR, SEM and TG. The water retention rate, maximum water retention capacity and anti-evaporation performance of superabsorbent resin were measured. The effects of superabsorbent resins on the water evaporation of soil and sand were tested in simulated destertification area. The results showed that under the optimal synthesis conditions of KG, MBA and APS contents being 10%, 0.07% and 0.6% of the mass of AA,APT content being 2% of KG, AS, APS, MBA, AA and NaOH, AA neutralization 70%, m(AS)∶m(KG) = 1∶62.5, the water absorption rates of the superabsorbent resin in deionized water, tap water and mass fraction 0.9% NaCl solution were 1110, 210 and 108 g/g respectively, which were higher than those of two commercially available water retaining agents. The superabsorbent resin exhibited good salt tolerance. Within 12 h, the water retention rates of the superabsorbent resin at 25, 45 and 60 ℃ reached 54.0%, 14.4% and 8.0%, respectively. The maximum water holding capacity of the superabsorbent resin with content of 0.10%~0.15% was higher than that of the two commercially water retaining agents. This superabsorbent resin could reduce effectively soil moisture evaporation.

关 键 词：高吸水树脂 防蒸发 刺梧桐胶 氨基磺酸 功能材料 

分 类 号：TQ324.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]