菌团HBB降解竹纤维素纤维及微生物群落功能分析  

Degradation of bamboo cellulose fiber by microbial consortium HBB and functional analysis of microbial community

作　　者：刘春 李志健 管秀琼 LIU Chun;LI Zhijian;GUAN Xiuqiong(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,Shaanxi,China;School of Biological Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Yibin 644005,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]四川轻化工大学生物工程学院,四川宜宾644005

出　　处：《精细化工》2021年第6期1162-1170,共9页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：采用短短芽孢杆菌(BB)、竹浆携带微生物区系(HM)、BB+HM(HBB)3种微生物策略降解竹纤维素纤维(BCF)。通过摇瓶发酵实验探究不同微生物策略的产酶和降解功能。借助黏度法、XRD、FTIR和16S r RNA测序技术分析最佳处理组底物结构和细菌群落组成。结果表明:在降解BCF的过程中,HBB表现出最高的主要降解期羧甲基纤维素钠酶活性、漆酶活性和丰富的木聚糖酶活性;也观察到BCF纤维尺寸迅速减小、碳水化合物和木质素连接键(LCC)破坏及去除,结晶区缺陷等结构特征的改变;发酵结束时,HBB降解体系的干物质损失达到77.67%。HBB细菌微生物涵盖了18门,26纲,55目,85科,143属,在属水平上,主要降解期和降解后期菌属物种差异较大。德沃斯氏菌属、苍白杆菌属、Taibaiella、短波单孢菌属在主要降解期更加丰富,而假黄单孢菌属、科恩氏菌属、未分类黄杆菌目在降解后期更高。PCoA分析和Anosim分析也表明,降解过程不同时期样本细菌群落结构具有显著性差异。HBB能加速BCF的降解,其中短芽孢杆菌属、Devosia、Ochrobactrum、Taibaiella、Pseudoxanthomona、固氮螺菌属、纤维单孢菌属是BCF高效降解的优势菌属。Bamboo cellulose fiber(BCF) was degraded by three microbial strategies, Brevibacillus brevi(BB), microflora from bamboo pulp(HM) and combination of BB and HM(HBB), respectively. The enzyme production and degrading functions of different strategies were investigated by shaking flask fementation experiment. The structure of BCF and the composition of bacterial community of optimal treatment group were analyzed by viscosity method, XRD, FTIR and 16S rRNA sequencing technologies. The results indicated that HBB system exhibited the highest sodium carboxymethyl enzyme cellulose activity and the largest laccase activity and abundant xylanase activity during the major degrading stage of BCF. The changes of structural characteristics of BCF such as rapid reduction in the size of the BCF fiber was also observed with structural changes such as carbohydrate and lignin bond(LCC) destruction and removal, and crystal zone defects. At the end of fermentation, the dry matter loss rate of HBB system reached 77.67%. A total of 18 phyla, 26 classes, 55 orders, 85 families and 143 genera bacterial species were represented in the HBB. At the genus level, there was a great difference between the major degradation stage and the late degradation stage. Devosia, Ochrobactrum, Taibaiella, Brevundimonas were more abundant in the major degradation stage, while the relative abundance of Pseudoxanthomona, Cohnella, unclassifiedFlavobacteriales were higher in the late degradation stage. PCoA analysis and Anosim analysis also indicated that the bacterial community structure of samples at different stages of degradation process had significant differences. HBB could accelerate the degradation of BCF, especially, Brevibacillus, Devosia, Ochrobactrum, Taibaiella, Pseudoxanthomona, Azospirillum and Cellulomonas were the dominant species of HBB for BCF degradation.

关 键 词：竹纤维素纤维 生物降解 短短芽孢杆菌 竹浆携带微生物区系 细菌多样性 生物工程 

分 类 号：Q815[生物学—生物工程]