基于“双行裂隙”模型的两淮矿区高承压厚松散层突水机理  

Water inrush mechanism of thick alluvium aquifer with high pressure based on the“bidirectional fractures”model in Huainan and Huaibei Mining Area

作　　者：刘启蒙[1,2] 刘瑜 谢志钢 白汉营[4] 付翔[5] 缪长军 LIU Qimeng;LIU Yu;XIE Zhigang;BAI Hanying;FU Xiang;MIAO Changjun(School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Engineering Research Center of Mine Water Disaster Prevention and Control,Huainan 232001,China;State Key Laboratory Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;College of Earth Sciences,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Qidong Coal Mine,Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 234000,China;Zhangji Coal Mine,Huainan Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Huainan 232171,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]矿井水害综合防治工程研究中心,安徽淮南232001 [3]深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [4]桂林理工大学地球科学学院,广西桂林541006 [5]皖北煤电集团祁东煤矿,安徽宿州234000 [6]淮南矿业集团张集煤矿,安徽淮南232171

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2021年第3期140-149,共10页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(1908085ME145);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0804101)。

摘　　要：两淮矿区高承压厚松散含水层覆盖下煤炭储量巨大,在提高上限开采过程中常发生松散层突水事故,采用传统"上三带"理论难以合理解释此类事故发生的机理。本文在分析两淮矿区高承压松散层水文工程地质条件的基础上,建立近高承压松散层开采"双行裂隙"模型,采用室内实验、数值模拟、理论分析和工程应用检验等方法,研究"双行裂隙"发育规律,揭示两淮矿区高承压厚松散层突水致灾机理,结果显示:祁东煤矿松散层第四含水层(简称四含)水压与裂采比呈线性关系;在水压作用下,覆岩"上行裂隙"发育高度增大;利用裂隙受力分析推导的基岩风化带原生裂隙扩展渗透深度计算公式,表明高承压松散含水层对风化裂隙产生劈裂作用,是"下行裂隙"形成的主要因素。"双行裂隙"的综合作用使工作面更易发生松散层水突水事故,研究成果为近松散层煤层开采安全煤(岩)柱的合理留设提供科学依据。The coal reserves under Quaternary thick alluvium with high pressure are huge in Huainan and Huaibei Mining Areas.In the process of increasing the upper limit mining near the alluvium,water inrush accidents often occur.However,it is difficult to reasonably explain the mechanism of such accidents by using the traditional"upper three zones"theory.In this paper,the hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions of thick alluvium with high pressure are analyzed,and the"bidirectional fractures"model is established.Laboratory experiment,numerical simulation,theoretical analysis,and engineering application inspection are used to study the development law of downward infiltration zone and upward cracks and reveal the water inrush mechanism under thick alluvium with high pressure in Huainan and Huaibei Mining Areas.The results show that the ratio of height of water conducting fractured zone to mining height increases linearly with the water pressure of the fourth aquifer,and the height of"upward fracture"in overburden increases with the water pressure action.The calculation formula of primary fracture propagation depth in bedrock weathering zone is derived by fracture stress analysis,which shows that the splitting effect of high confined unconsolidated aquifer on weathering fracture is the main factor for the formation of"downward fracture".The comprehensive effect of"bidirectional fractures"makes the working face more prone to water inrush accident.The research results provide scientific bases for the reasonable retention of safe coal(rock)pillars for mining near the thick alluvium with high pressure.

关 键 词：双行裂隙 两淮矿区 厚松散层 突水机理 安全煤(岩)柱 

分 类 号：TD163[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]