砂梨石细胞含量多样性及其分级指标  

Genetic Diversity and Grading by Stone Cell Content of Pyrus pyrifolia

作　　者：范净[1] 陈启亮[1] 杨晓平[1] 张靖国[1] 杜威 胡红菊[1] FAN Jing;CHEN Qiliang;YANG Xiaoping;ZHANG Jingguo;DU Wei;HU Hongju(Institute of Fruit and Tea,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2021年第4期433-439,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001404);农业农村部物种品种资源保护项目(19190161)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究砂梨种质资源石细胞含量特征及其多样性,进一步优化砂梨石细胞含量分级指标。【方法】采用冷冻法检测480份砂梨种质资源石细胞含量,分析其遗传多样性。【结果】480份砂梨资源的石细胞含量呈正偏态分布,为0.043%~2.748%,平均石细胞含量0.706%,变异系数为61.11%,遗传多样性指数为1.95。地方品种、国外引进品种和国内选育品种(品系)不同种质类型的平均石细胞含量分别为0.886%、0.440%和0.400%,变异系数分别为48.82%、48.79%和47.02%,多样性指数分别为1.98、2.00和2.01。地方品种不同省份遗传多样性分析表明,云南地方品种的平均石细胞含量最多(1.239%),变异系数最高(51.07%);四川地方品种的多样性指数最大(1.90);浙江地方品种的平均石细胞含量最少(0.595%);广东地方品种的变异系数最低(14.02%),多样性指数最小(0.95)。国内选育品种(品系)不同区域的遗传多样性分析表明,华东地区选育品种平均石细胞含量最少(0.372%),华中地区选育品种变异系数最低(43.41%),但多样性指数最大(2.04)。【结论】砂梨种质资源石细胞含量性状遗传多样性丰富,地方品种石细胞含量最高(0.886%),国内选育品种(品系)遗传多样性指数最大(2.01)。优化的7级梯度差分级指标更适用于评价砂梨种质的石细胞含量性状,7级标准分级为SC<0.1%、0.1%≤SC<0.2%、0.2%≤SC<0.4%、0.4%≤SC<0.7%、0.7%≤SC<1.1%、1.1%≤SC<1.6%和SC≥1.6%。【Objective】Diversity and characteristics of Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai were studied according to the stone cell(SC)contents of the germplasms to establish a grading system to facilitate analyzing and classifying the resource.【Methods】SC content of the sand pear varieties was determined after freezing.A grading system was established based on the genetic diversity of the germplasms on SC content.【Results】The 480 germplasms under study showed a positive skewness statistic distribution on their SC contents,which ranged from 0.043%to 2.748%with an average of 0.706%,a variation coefficient(VC)of 61.11%,and a genetic diversity index(GDI)of 1.95.The average SC content of the local varieties was 0.886%with a VC of 48.82%and a GDI of 1.98,that of the foreign cultivars 0.440%with a VC of 48.79%and a GDI of 2.00,and that of the selected cultivars(lines)for breeding 0.400%with a VC of 47.02%and a GDI of 2.01.On genetic diversity,among the local cultivars the germplasms from Yunnan Province had the highest SC content of 1.239%and VC of 51.07%;those from Sichuan,the largest GDI of 1.90;those from Zhejiang,the lowest SC of 0.595%;and those from Guangdong,the smallest VC of 14.02%and GDI of 0.95.Of the selected cultivars for breeding,those from eastern China showed the lowest SC of 0.372%,while those from the central region the lowest VC of 43.41%and the highest GDI of 2.04.【Conclusion】The sand pear varieties investigated under this study exhibited a rich genetic diversity on their SC contents.Of all 480 germplasms,the local varieties had the highest SC content of 0.886%and the selected cultivars for breeding the greatest GDI of 2.01.To streamline the resource classification,7 grades based on the SC content in the germplasms were established as SC<0.1%,0.1%≤SC<0.2%,0.2%≤SC<0.4%,0.4%≤SC<0.7%,0.7%≤SC<1.1%,1.1%≤SC<1.6%,and SC≥1.6%.Their respective descriptive terms were scarce,low,medium low,moderate,moderately high,high,and extremely high on SC content.

关 键 词：砂梨 石细胞含量 多样性 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]