直流故障电弧稳态传热特性仿真研究  

Simulation Study on Steady-State Heat Transfer Characteristics of DC Arc Fault

作　　者：吴祺嵘 张认成[1] 涂然[1] 杨凯[1] 周学进[1] Wu Qirong;Zhang Rencheng;Tu Ran;Yang Kai;Zhou Xuejin(Key Laboratory of Process Monitoring and System Optimization for Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021 China)

机构地区：[1]机电装备过程监测及系统优化福建省高校重点实验室(华侨大学),厦门361021

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第13期2697-2709,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52076084);火灾科学国家重点实验室开放基金(HZ2020-KF07);福建省自然科学基金(2018J05082);泉州市科技计划(2018C117R);华侨大学科研基金(19BS103)资助。

摘　　要：直流系统中的故障电弧具有持续性,其产生的高温会释放能量诱发可燃物燃烧。直流故障电弧难以检测又极具危害性,该文针对直流故障电弧的温度分布,基于磁流体动力学建立了直流故障电弧稳态传热数值模型,对不同电路电压、电阻、电极间距下的放电过程进行系统的数值研究,得到直流故障电弧的稳态传热模型的温度分布。在模型计算结果的基础上,揭示了电弧最高温度变化规律及电弧热源对于电极内部温度的传热规律。研究表明,电弧最高温度会随电阻的增大呈反比例下降趋势,随电极间距的增大呈现分数指数上升规律,随电路电压在一定范围内呈现线性增长,但随电压增加温升速率减小;电弧温度的提高会使靠近电弧侧的电极导体具有较高的温度下降速率,该速率会随着导体的延长而降低;电极间距的增大会使电弧最高温度向尖端电极偏移。The fault arc in the direct current(DC)system is persistent,and the high temperature it produces will release energy and induce combustible material combustion.DC fault arc is difficult to detect and extremely dangerous.Aiming at the temperature distribution of DC fault arc,this paper developed a numerical model of steady-state heat transfer of DC fault arc based on magneto-hydrodynamics and carried out a systematic numerical study of the discharge process under different circuit voltages,resistances and electrode gap to obtain the temperature distribution of the steady-state heat transfer model of DC fault arc.Based on the calculated results of the model,the law of maximum arc temperature change and the heat transfer law of arc heat source to the internal temperature of the electrode is revealed.The results show that the maximum temperature of fault arc decreases inversely with the increase of resistance,increases exponentially with the increase of electrode gap,increases linearly with the increase of circuit voltage in a certain range,but the temperature rise rate decreases with circuit voltage increases.When arc temperature rises,there is a higher temperature drop rate of electrode conductor near the arc,which decreases with the extension of the conductor.The increase of electrode gap will make the maximum arc temperature shift towards the tip electrode.

关 键 词：直流故障电弧 数值模拟 稳态传热模型 温度分布 

分 类 号：TM501.2[电气工程—电器]