隔离开关电弧流体数学模型研究与应用  

Study on the Application of Fluid Arc Model in Disconnector

作　　者：郝莎 徐建源[1] 林莘[1] Hao Sha;Xu Jianyuan;Lin Xin(School of Electrical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870 China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学电气工程学院,沈阳110870

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第13期2710-2718,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51637006,51777130)。

摘　　要：在流注放电理论的基础上,该文从微观粒子的动力学特性出发,研究隔离开关触头间隙放电机理,建立cm级间隙电弧击穿及高频过电压下介质恢复过程的流体数学模型。搭建隔离开关电弧特性实验平台,对比分析仿真与实验波形的特征参数及频率分布,结果表明,击穿过程中,电弧电阻的变化规律由空间电子数密度与电场强度决定,0~1.7ns内电弧电阻下降率较大,随后逐渐变缓,10.89ns放电通道完全导通,电弧电阻减小至0.02Ω,随后气体介质开始恢复,并受电源电压特性决定。仿真电压波形参数与实测数据误差范围为2%~10%。因此,流体数学模型能够科学地解释隔离开关触头间隙微观粒子的动态发展过程,将线路电压特性、放电结构特征与电弧微观发展过程相结合,为指导隔离开关设计提供理论依据。In the paper, the kinetic properties of microparticles are studied based on the streamer discharge theory, and a fluid arc mathematical model applied in centimeter clearance is established. An test platform is built for the disconnector arc characteristics, and the transient characteristics of the arc voltage and current waveforms are compared and analyzed. It can be concluded that the change rule of arc resistance is determined by space electron number density and electric field intensity during the breakdown process. The arc resistance falls faster in 0~1.7 ns, and then gradually slows down. The plasma channel is completely turned on at 10.89 ns, and the arc resistance is reduced to 0.02Ω. Then, the gas medium begins to recover that determined by the characteristics of power voltage and current. The error range between the simulated voltage waveform and the measured data is 2%~ 10%. Therefore, the fluid arc mathematical model can scientifically explain the dynamic development process of microparticles in the contact clearance. It combines the system voltage characteristics, structure characteristics of disconnector with the development process of microparticles, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of disconnector.

关 键 词：隔离开关 电弧模型 流注放电 介质恢复 

分 类 号：TM501[电气工程—电器]