欧盟对外反倾销中的新替代国制度及其违法性分析  

The New Surrogate Country System in EU Antidumping Action and Its Illegality Analysis

作　　者：刘勇 谢依依 LIU Yong;XIE Yiyi

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学法学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江鑫润企业管理有限公司,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《国际商务研究》2021年第4期98-108,共11页International Business Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“发达经济体‘非市场经济规则’的新发展与中国因应研究”(项目编号:19BFX211)。

摘　　要：欧盟对外反倾销的新替代国制度删去了旧法中的“非市场经济国家”称谓与相关规则,引入了“重大扭曲”的概念与判断标准。依据该制度,欧盟委员会在认定中国经济存在重大扭曲的前提下应继续使用替代国价格方法。欧盟新替代国制度的首要立法目的是应对《中国入世议定书》第15条a项(ii)目于2016年12月11日终止所引发的法律挑战,同时保持对华反倾销措施的高效性与便捷性。从法律特征上讲,新制度变相延续了旧制度下的替代国价格方法,同时严重背离了反倾销的原有目的,扩展了反倾销法的传统适用范围,并试图进一步干涉出口国的经济管理体制。欧盟新替代国制度是对WTO反倾销一般纪律的违反,且在2016年12月11日后不再拥有《中国入世议定书》第15条的特别授权,故该制度在WTO多边贸易体制内不具有合法性。The New Surrogate Country System in EU Antidumping Investigation deleted the wording and relevant rules of“Non-market Economy”in previous law.The concept of“significant distortion”and its identification criteria have been incorporated into new law.Pursuant to the new system,European Commission shall continue to apply the method of surrogate country prices after it had recognized that the economic system of China had significant distortions.The primary purposes of new surrogate country rules are to respond to the legal challenge made by the expiry of the Section 15(a)(ii)of China’s WTO Protocol of Accession after 11 December 2016 and to maintain the effectiveness and convenience of antidumping against China.In regard of the legal characters,the new rule is a disguised continuance of the traditional method of surrogate country prices in old law,departing from the original purpose of antidumping,an extension of traditional antidumping law’s coverage and a further step to interfere the economic management system of exporting countries.The new surrogate country system constitutes a violation of the common antidumping rules of WTO.After 11 December 2016,it has no special authorization from Section 15(a)(ii)of China’s WTO Protocol of Accession.Consequently,and it is illegal under the WTO multilateral trade system.

关 键 词：欧盟 反倾销 新替代国制度 重大扭曲 《中国入世议定书》 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]