定向运动练习对儿童执行功能的影响  

Effect of orienteering exercises on children’s executive function

作　　者：杨宁 刘晨 刘阳 李雪宁[3] 吴磊 魏铭泽 YANG Ning;LIU Chen;LIU Yang;LI Xuening;WU Lei;WEI Mingze(Department of Physical Education,Shandong Youth University of Political Science,Jinan(250103),China)

机构地区：[1]山东青年政治学院体育部,济南250103 [2]陕西师范大学体育学院 [3]东北师范大学体育学院 [4]吉林大学哲学社会学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第6期850-852,857,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金青年项目(16YJCZH063);山东青年政治学院教学改革研究项目(JGWT201911)。

摘　　要：目的探讨定向运动练习对儿童执行功能的改善作用,为揭示执行功能与定向运动干预之间的关系提供理论支撑。方法选取长春市中海一实验小学四年级40名儿童为实验对象,平均分为实验组(男生10名,女生10名)和对照组(男生10名,女生10名)。利用儿童执行功能测试工具中More-odd shifting、1-back和Flanker任务分别测量运动干预前、后儿童的抑制功能、转换功能和刷新功能等执行功能各子功能变化。结果干预后,实验组抑制功能、转换功能和刷新功能反应时[(10.29±15.99)(295.19±189.76)(642.85±220.78)ms]与干预前[(25.62±10.18)(616.04±287.92)(1051.25±275.00)ms]降低,差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为12.52,20.76,20.89,P值均<0.01),对照组反应时差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。交互作用结果显示,既没有发现性别主效应,也没有发现性别×组别、性别×时间和性别×时间×组别的交互作用(P值均>0.05)。结论定向运动练习对儿童执行功能具有显著提高作用,且不随性别变化而变化。Objective To explore the effect of orienteering exercises on the improvement of children’s executive function,and to explore the relationship between executive function and orienteering intervention to provide theoretical support.Methods Forty children from the fourth grade of Zhonghai the First Experimental Primary School in Changchun City were selected as the experimental subjects,20 as the experimental group(10 males,10 females)and 20 as the control group(10 males,10 females).The functional changes of executive function subfunctions(inhibitory function,conversion function,refresh function)before and after orienteering exercises intervention were measured by More-odd shifting,1-back and Flanker.Results After intervention,the inhibitory function,conversion function and refresh function were significantly decreased in the experimental group(10.29±15.99,295.19±189.76,642.85±220.78)ms compared with before intervention(25.62±10.18,616.04±287.92,1051.25±275.00)ms(F=12.52,20.76,20.89,P<0.01),while there was no significant change in the control group(P>0.05).In this study,neither gender main effect nor interaction between sex×group,sex×time and sex×time×group were found(P>0.05).Conclusion Orienteering exercises can significantly improve children’s executive function,which are not vaired by sex.

关 键 词：运动活动 精神卫生 干预性研究 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G808[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]