重庆市南岸区2018年14起诺如病毒疫情流行病特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of 14 clusters and outbreaks of Norovirus infection in Nan’an District of Chongqing in 2018

作　　者：唐小清 朱玲[2] 吴小花[3] 曾德唯[3] 罗春雨 秦静 邓雯文 TANG Xiaoqing;ZHU Ling;WU Xiaohua;ZENG Dewei;LUO Chunyu;QIN Jing;DENG Wenwen(Department for Intectious Disease Prevention and Control,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanan District,Chongqing(400067),China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,400067 [2]重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科 [3]重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心党政办公室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第6期914-916,921,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的分析南岸区14起诺如病毒感染聚集及暴发疫情流行病学及病原学特征,为探索诺如病毒感染疫情综合防控措施提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中"突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统"内收集资料,采用描述流行病学方法对资料进行统计分析。结果2018年重庆市南岸区累计报告诺如病毒感染聚集及暴发疫情14起,占全区事件发生总数的63.64%。累计报告发病268例,平均罹患率为2.19%;疫情发生时间主要在11月份(6起);幼儿园报告疫情起数最多(7起),其次是小学(5起);疫情持续时间中位数为2.80 d;14起疫情均由诺如病毒GⅡ型基因组引起,传播途径主要以人传人为主。结论学校是诺如病毒疫情发生高发场所,需加强学校等集体单位呕吐、腹泻症状监测,督促学校积极落实各项防控措施。Objective To analyze of epidemiological and etiological characteristics of 14 norovirus clusters or outbreak in Nan’an District,for comprehensive prevention and control measures for norovirus infections in the region.Methods Data were collected from the emergency public health event management information system of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method.Results In 2018,14 cases of norovirus infection clusters and outbreaks were reported in Nan’an District,accounting for 63.64%of the total number of incidents in the region.A total of 268 cases were reported,with an average incidence of 2.19%;the outbreak occurred mainly in November(n=6);kindergartens reported the most outbreak(n=7),followed by primary schools(n=5);the median duration of the outbreak was 2.80 days;and 14 outbreaks were caused by the GII-type genome of norovirus,with the main transmission routes being human-to-hnuman transmission.Conclusion The prevalence of norovirus outbreaks tends to be higher in schools,it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of vomiting and diarrhea symptoms in collective units such as schools,and efforts should be promoted for implementation of all levels of prevention and control measures in school.

关 键 词：腹泻 肠道病毒感染 疾病暴发流行 流行病学研究 学生 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]