立式火管锅炉煤气降温过程中的积灰特性  

Characteristics of Ash Deposition of Vertical fire-tube Boiler Gas during Cooling

作　　者：钱飞舟 魏召强 QIAN Fei-zhou;WEI Zhao-qiang(Suzhou Hailu Heavy Industry Company Limited,Zhangjiagang 215618,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州海陆重工股份有限公司,江苏张家港215618

出　　处：《锅炉制造》2021年第4期19-24,共6页Boiler Manufacturing

摘　　要：在煤基直接还原炼铁工艺中,高温煤气可通过立式火管锅炉进行冷却,实现余热回收。本文针对实际生产运行过程火管锅炉煤气降温过程中的积灰特性,通过表征分析、化学平衡计算以及数值模拟等手段针对积灰现象进行了系统性的研究。首先,通过对积灰样品特性的分析,发现灰中高含量的碱/碱土金属会同其他矿物质形成低温共融体来降低灰熔点,通过添加冷却装置,降低了火管锅炉烟气入口温度,可成功避开易发生熔融的液相区;其次,通过余热锅炉入口处的流场进行仿真分析,发现可通过对入口烟箱的改造可减少管内堵灰的几率。经过上述技改,目前设备已实现半年的连续稳定运行,无显著积灰现象出现。In the direct reduction of coal-based iron-making process,high-temperature gas can be cooled by the vertical fire-tube boiler,and the waste heat can be recovered.In this paper,the characteristics of ash deposition in the process of gas cooling in the fire-tube boiler in actual production and operation are systematically studied by means of characterization analysis,chemical equilibrium calculation,and numerical simulation.Firstly,based on the analysis of the characteristics of ash samples,it is found that the high content of alkali/alkaline earth metals in the ash will form a low-temperature eutectic with other minerals to reduce the ash melting point.The gas inlet temperature of the fire-tube boiler is reduced through adding a cooling device,and the liquid phase area of melting can be avoided successfully.Secondly,it is found that the probability of ash blocking in the pipe can be reduced by transforming structure of inlet gas box through the simulation analysis of the flow filed at the inlet of the waste heat boiler.After the above-mentioned technical transformation,the equipment has been running stably for half a year without significantly ash deposition.

关 键 词：火管锅炉 积灰特性 碱/碱土金属 低温共融体 流场 

分 类 号：TK224.1[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]