中国旅行社业经营效率测度及营商环境的影响研究  

Study on the Efficiency of China's Travel Agency Industry and the Impact of Business Environment

作　　者：张大鹏[1] 吴桐 高志勤 ZHANG Dapeng;WU Tong;GAO Zhiqin(School of Business Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China;China International Travel Service Co.,Ltd,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]中国国旅(江苏)国际旅行社有限公司,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《旅游导刊》2021年第3期38-63,共26页Tourism and Hospitality Prospects

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“包容性视角下乡村旅游产业对农民收入影响研究”(项目编号:20BJY207)资助。

摘　　要：科学测度旅行社业经营效率和量化分析其营商环境因素的影响效应,对科学指导旅行社业优质高效发展具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文利用随机前沿分析法测度2001-2015年我国省际层面旅行社业经营效率,并实证检验了旅游化、国际化、法治化和市场化等重要营商环境因素的影响效应。研究结果表明,观察期内我国旅行社业经营效率总体水平偏低,大致呈现“间歇波动、缓慢攀升”的演变特征,三大区域经营效率变化基本同频,无明显差异;旅游化对旅行社业经营效率具有倒U形的非线性影响作用;国际化为旅行社业提供了更加开放的营商环境,有利于提高经营效率;法治化环境是旅行社业可持续发展的重要保障,旅游法的实施抑制了旅行社业的非合规经营收入;市场化改革优化了旅行社业资源配置,提升了经营效率;市场化与法治化协同推进了旅行社业经营效率的提升。Examining external factors affecting the travel agency industry's efficiency is a crucial means of advancing travel agencies'performance and improving the industry's sustainability.We employed stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)and used provincial data covering the period of 2001-2015 in China.The results reveal that the average efficiency of China's travel agency industry showed the character of low levels,slow growth,and regional differences during the observation period.This study also identifies that a non-linear relationship exists between touristization and travel agencies'industry efficiency in China.The international environment,measured by means of trade openness,has a significant positive effect on the efficiency of the travel agency industry.The legal environment has improved concerning China's tourism law,which has substantially deterred unfair competition,improved the quality of travel services,and paved the way for the industry's future development.The process of marketization has a significant positive impact on the efficiency of the travel agency industry.Moreover,legal environment and marketization exert a synergistic effect on the efficiency of the travel agency industry.Based on the above conclusions,several policy recommendations are proposed to promote the high-quality and efficient development of China's travel agency industry.

关 键 词：旅行社业 经营效率 营商环境 随机前沿分析 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]