基于微生物群落特征解析的生物活性炭氨氧化机制  

Ammonia oxidation mechanism of biological activated carbon based on analysis of microbial community characteristics

作　　者：黄怡婷 陈之歆 魏忠庆 郑奋 牛佳 刘鸿浩 庄婉娥[3] 徐开钦 HUANG Yiting;CHEN Zhixin;WEI Zhongqing;ZHENG Fen;NIU Jia;LIU Honghao;ZHUANG Wan'e;XU Kaiqin(Research Center of Water Science and Water Quality Assurance Technology,School of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou,Fujian 350118,China;Fuzhou Water Affairs Investment and Development Co.Ltd.,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China;College of Life Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research,National Institute for Environmental Studies,Tsukuba,Ibaraki 305-8506,Japan)

机构地区：[1]福建工程学院生态环境与城市建设学院水科学与水质保障工程技术研究中心,福建福州350118 [2]福州市水务投资发展有限公司,福建福州350001 [3]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002 [4]日本国立环境研究所资源循环与废弃物研究中心,日本筑波305-8506

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期545-552,共8页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52000032);福建省自然科学基金项目(2018J05011);福建工程学院科研启动金资助(GY-Z17075);晋江市福大科教园区发展中心科研项目(2019-JJFDKY-07);福建工程学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X202010388058).

摘　　要：针对水源中氨氮微污染顽疾,从微生物群落特征(多样性、丰度)的角度探究了饮用水深度处理工艺生物活性炭(BAC)的氨氧化机制.结果表明:BAC上的微生物(细菌、古菌)群落结构与其所处滤池水样中的微生物群落结构差异显著,且其多样性高于水体.此外,BAC上具有硝化功能的微生物以古菌为主(占总古菌的77.72%),而水样中细菌和古菌的硝化功能均不显著.对BAC上功能微生物——氨氧化古菌(ammonia-oxidizing archaea,AOA)和细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,AOB)的分子生物学的研究结果表明,其数量分别为(49.10±4.45)×10^(5)个·g^(-1)(干重)和(23.20±2.55)×10^(4)个·g^(-1)(干重),AOA的数量显著多于AOB(P<0.01).运用T-RFLP对氨氧化微生物群落多样性进行的分析发现,BAC上和水体中的氨氧化微生物组成及优势菌种均不同,表明氨氧化微生物在BAC上的富集具有选择性.In order to reduce source water pollution caused by ammonia and nitrogen derived from agricultural activities,biological active carbon(BAC)was proposed to applied to advanced drinking water purification.The ammonia oxidation mechanism of BAC was analyzed based on the structural diversity and abundance of microorganisms(bacteria and archaea).The results showed that the structural diversity of microbial community varied significantly between BAC-treated water and the original filtered water,which was more diversified in BAC-treated water.Archaea played a leading role in the nitrification process of BAC-treated water,accounting for 77.72%of the microorganism that underwent nitrification.Nitrification was overall insignificant in the original filtered water.The abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(49.10±4.45)×10^(5) copies·g^(-1))was significantly higher than that of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(23.20±2.55)×10^(4) copies·g^(-1))in the BAC-treated water(P<0.01).T-RFLP analysis on the structural diversity of ammonia oxidizing microbes further confirmed that both community structure and dominant species of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms were different between BAC and filter water,indicating the preference of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms for BAC.

关 键 词：生物活性炭 微生物群落结构 氨氧化古菌 氨氧化细菌 氨氮 高通量测序 Q-PCR T-RFLP 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]