初中独生子女锻炼动机的影响因素研究  

Study on the Influencing Factors of Exercise Motivation of Junior Middle School Students from One Child Family

作　　者：刘进 王冬慧 王超 冯亚宁 董亚琦 Liu Jin;Wang Donghui;Wang Chao;Feng Yaning;Dong Yaqi(Haigang Beihuan Road Primary School,Qinhuangdao 066000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]海港区北环路小学,河北秦皇岛066000 [2]运城学院,山西运城044000 [3]景德镇市第五小学,江西景德镇333000 [4]北京二十中学附属实验学校,北京海淀100085 [5]共青城市中学,江西九江332020

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2021年第7期57-58,72,共3页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：江西省教育科学“十三五”规划(项目编号:18PTYB058);江西省基础教育研究课题(项目编号:GQCYW2019-962)。

摘　　要：运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法等研究初中独生子女群体锻炼动机的影响因素,以期为中学体育课程改革和独生子女体质健康提供理论参考与启示。研究发现:初中独生子女与非独生子女在父母教养方式、身体自我效能感和锻炼动机上存在显著差异。初中独生子女父母情感温暖、父母拒绝和父母过度保护显著高于非独生子女群体;身体自我效能感显著低于非独生子女群体;锻炼动机中的能力动机和乐趣动机显著低于非独生子女群体。外貌动机和社交动机显著高于非独生子女群体。父母教养方式、身体自我效能感、父母支持和锻炼动机呈显著正相关。父母教养方式是初中独生子女锻炼动机的前端要素;身体自我效能感是初中独生子女锻炼动机的内在动力;父母支持是初中独生子女锻炼动机的外部动力。建议:家校联袂,合力共育;独生子女父母采用积极的教养方式,注重提高初中独生子女内部动机水平。优化中学体育课程,体育教学中注重提高独生子女的身体自我效能水平。开展亲子活动,父母支持体育消费,逐步提高独生子女运动的自主性。By using the methods of literature review,expert interview and logical analysis,this paper studies the influencing factors of exercise motivation of the only child group in junior middle school,in order to provide theoretical reference and enlightenment for the reform of physical education curriculum and the physical health of the only child group in junior middle school.The results show that there are significant differences between the only child and more children in parenting style,physical self-efficacy and exercise motivation.The emotional warmth,parents’refusal and parents’overprotection of the only child in junior high school were significantly higher than those of the non-only child group;physical self-efficacy was significantly lower;the ability motivation and fun motivation of exercise motivation were significantly lower;and the appearance motivation and social motivation were significantly higher than those of non-only child group.There is a significant positive correlation between parental rearing style,physical self-efficacy,parental support and exercise motivation.Parenting style is the front-end factor of exercise motivation of the only child in junior high school.Physical self-efficacy is the internal motivation of junior high school only child exercise motivation.Parental support is the external motivation of the exercise motivation of the only child in junior high school.Suggestions:family school cooperation and joint education;the only child families adopt positive parenting styles and pay attention to improving the internal motivation level of their children;optimizing the middle school physical education curriculum;paying attention to improve the level of physical self-efficacy of the only child in physical education;carrying out parent-child activities,parents support sports consumption,and gradually improving students’consciousness in sports.

关 键 词：初中独生子女 锻炼动机 影响因素 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学]