互联网经济垄断:结构的合理和行为的危害  

A Monopoly of Internet Economy:Reasonable Structure and Harm of Behavior

作　　者：周军 ZHOU Jun(School of Economics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学经济学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《经济与管理》2021年第4期1-7,共7页Economy and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(20FJLB020);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目(2016ZDIXM036);国家市场监管总局委托课题“新时期市场监管的内在逻辑与改革思路研究”。

摘　　要：对于互联网领域的垄断,应该区分垄断结构和垄断行为。由于互联网经济在供给端具有边际收益递增特征,在需求端存在用户转换成本,因此市场竞争会自然形成垄断结构,并且这种垄断结构具有很强的稳定性。当互联网企业获得垄断地位后,可能会出现以下垄断行为:在单一互联网行业内,可能会通过肆意涨价或价格歧视等方式损害消费者利益,也可能利用支配地位设置市场壁垒阻碍公平竞争;对于跨行业互联网领域,垄断企业会对新兴行业企业进行投资,并利用自身资源优势迅速扶持投资企业获得垄断地位,阻碍其他竞争者的创新发展,实现多领域垄断。因此,在互联网经济领域,不应反对市场竞争形成的垄断结构,但应加强对垄断行为的科学界定,防止垄断企业损害消费者利益以及阻碍创新的行为。As for the monopoly in the internet field,we should distinguish between monopoly structure and monopoly behavior.Because the internet economy has the characteristics of increasing marginal revenue on the supply side and user switching costs on the demand side,the competition in the internet market will naturally form a monopoly structure,and this monopoly market structure has strong stability.When internet companies obtain monopoly status,the following monopolistic behaviors may occur:within a single Internet industry,they may harm consumers'interests through arbitrary price increases or price discrimination,or they may use their dominant positions to set up market barriers to hinder fair competition;in the cross-industry internet field,monopoly companies will invest in emerging industry companies and use their resource advantages to quickly support investment companies to obtain monopoly status,hinder the innovation and development of other competitors,and achieve multi-domain monopoly.Therefore,in the field of the internet economy,the monopoly structure formed by market competition should not be opposed,but the scientific definition of monopoly behavior should be strengthened to prevent monopoly enterprises from harming the interests of consumers and hindering innovation.

关 键 词：垄断结构 垄断行为 自然垄断 单行业垄断 跨行业垄断 

分 类 号：F062.5[经济管理—政治经济学]