磁制冷材料与技术的研究进展  

Development of magnetic refrigeration materials and technology

作　　者：沈俊[1,2] 莫兆军 李振兴[1,2] 高新强 孙浩[1] 谢慧财 刘若水 SHEN Jun;MO ZhaoJun;LI ZhenXing;GAO XinQiang;SUN Hao;XIE HuiCai;LIU RuoShui(Ganjiang Innovation Academy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ganzhou 341000,China;Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院赣江创新研究院,赣州341000 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2021年第6期3-17,共15页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:51925605);国家重点研发计划(编号:2017YFB0702704,2019YFA0704904);中国科学院基础前沿科学研究计划(编号:ZDBS-LY-JSC017)资助项目。

摘　　要：基于磁相变的磁制冷技术是极具应用潜力的固态制冷技术之一,该技术具有节能高效、绿色环保、稳定可靠等优点,对于实现制冷产业转型升级具有非常重要的意义.磁制冷技术经过数十年的研究积累,在材料和系统方面均取得了一定的成果,发现了许多非常具有实用价值的磁制冷材料,设计出多种高效制冷系统结构.这些研究成果推动着磁制冷技术的实用化进程.本文介绍了磁制冷的热力学过程、磁制冷材料和技术的研究进展.重点介绍了几种具有应用前景的磁热效应材料研究成果,室温磁制冷材料主要包括Gd基、La-Fe-Si、Mn基等系列.其中La-Fe-Si系列是我国具有自主知识产权的材料,是具有重要应用前景的磁制冷工质之一;低温磁制冷材料主要包括稀土二元、三元、四元金属化合物、稀土金属氧化物.描述了室温和低温制冷技术,分析了不同类别系统的结构特性.最后,展望了磁制冷材料和技术未来的发展趋势.Magnetic refrigeration technology based on magnetic phase transition has great application potential in solid refrigeration due to its advantages of energy saving, high efficiency, environmental protection, stability and reliability. It has great significance for realizing the transformation and upgrading of refrigeration industry. Magnetic refrigeration technology has gotten certain achievements in materials and systems after decades of research and accumulation. Many magnetic refrigeration materials with practical value have been developed, and a variety of high-efficiency refrigeration system structures have been designed, which promoting the application process of magnetic refrigeration technology. This paper introduces the thermodynamic principle of magnetic refrigeration, the research progress of magnetic refrigeration materials and technology. Several kinds of magnetocaloric materials with promising application prospects were emphatically introduced. Room temperature magnetic refrigeration materials mainly include Gd-based, La-Fe-Si and Mn-based materials etc., among which La-Fe-Si series of materials with independent intellectual property rights in China is considered to be one of the most promising magnetic refrigerant materials. Afterwards low temperature magnetic refrigeration materials mainly include binary, ternary, quaternary rare earth intermetallic compounds and rare earth metal oxides. It describs the magnetic refrigeration technology and its research progress of room temperature and low temperature and analyzes the structures and characteristics of different types of magnetic refrigeration systems. The development trend of magnetic refrigeration materials and technology future is also prospected at the end of this paper.

关 键 词：磁热效应 磁熵变 磁相变 

分 类 号：TB64[一般工业技术—制冷工程]