珠穆朗玛峰北坡可培养石生细菌多样性及抗紫外辐射能力  

Diversity and ability of resistance to ultraviolet radiation of culturable lithophilous bacteria on the north slope of Mount Everest

作　　者：田茂 张威 章高森 胡召富 汪文强 于雪 刘阳 TIAN Mao;ZHANG Wei;ZHANG Gaosen;HU Zhaofu;WANG Wenqiang;YU Xue;LIU Yang(Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering,Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;School of Life Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省极端环境微生物资源与工程重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [5]兰州大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2021年第6期1907-1919,共13页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870479);甘肃省科技计划(20YF3WA007,20JR5RA548);第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目(2019QZKK0605)。

摘　　要：【背景】珠穆朗玛峰地区具有寒冷低温、强辐射等极端环境条件,珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生微生物研究未见报道。【目的】针对珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生微生物开展研究,阐明珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生生境中可培养细菌多样性,开发珠穆朗玛峰北坡抗紫外辐射菌株资源。【方法】通过可培养法、16S rRNA基因序列分析方法以及紫外辐射筛选对珠穆朗玛峰北坡可培养石生细菌多样性以及抗紫外辐射能力进行研究。【结果】从珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生生境中共分离获得52株石生细菌,归类为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),其中放线菌门和变形菌门为优势菌门,鞘脂单胞菌属、节杆菌属、链霉菌属为优势菌属,有2株菌为潜在新种。从已分离鉴定菌株中筛选出了2株抗紫外辐射能力较高的菌株,分别是芽孢杆菌属菌株ZFBP4009和链霉菌属菌株ZFBP1009。【结论】珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生环境蕴含多样性丰富的石生细菌,所分离菌株抗紫外辐射能力突出,为揭示相关极端环境下微生物的分布特征及极端环境微生物资源开发提供了数据支持及菌株资源。[Background] The Mount Everest area has extreme environmental conditions such as cold, low temperature and high doses of radiation. There is no report on the study of lithophilous microorganisms on the northern slope of Mount Everest. [Objective] To carry out research on the lithophilous microorganisms on the north slope of Mount Everest, clarify the diversity of culturable bacteria from the lithophilous habitat on the northern slope of Mount Everest, and develop resources of anti-ultraviolet radiation strains on the northern slope of Mount Everest. [Methods] The culturable method, 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis method and ultraviolet radiation were used to study the diversity of culturable lithophilous bacteria on the northern slope of Mount Everest and the ability of resistance to ultraviolet radiation. [Results] A total of 52 lithophilous bacteria were isolated from the lithophilous habitat on the north slope of Mount Everest, which were classified as Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria are the dominant bacteria phyla, Sphingomonas, Arthrobacter, and Streptomyces are the dominant bacterial genera, two strains are potential new species. Two strains with higher resistance to ultraviolet radiation were selected from the isolated and identified strains, namely Bacillus ZFBP4009 and Streptomyces ZFBP1009. [Conclusion] The lithophilous environment on the north slope of Mount Everest contains rich diversity of lithophilous bacteria, and the isolated strains have outstanding the ability of resistance to ultraviolet radiation, which provides data support and strain resources for revealing the distribution characteristics of microorganisms in related extreme environments and the development of extreme environment microbial resources.

关 键 词：珠穆朗玛峰北坡 可培养石生细菌 多样性 抗紫外辐射能力 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]