野生蜜蜂的人工巢箱设计和应用研究现状  

Design and Application of Artificial Nest Box for Wild Bees: Research Status

作　　者：韩懂博 贺春玲[1] 任迎丰 栾科 王帅兵 Han Dongbo;He Chunling;Ren Yingfeng;Luan Ke;Wang Shuaibing(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang Henan 471023;State-owned Jiyuan Yugong Forest Farm,Jiyuan Henan 454693)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]国有济源愚公林场,河南济源454693

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第16期144-149,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南南太行山水林田湖草生态保护修复试点工程(济源项目)“河南南太行山保护区(济源段)野生蜂类、蝶类等传粉昆虫多样性格局调查”(JGZJ-采-2019125)。

摘　　要：野生蜜蜂是自然环境中野生植物和农作物的重要传粉昆虫,是维持自然生态系统和农业生态系统健康的保障。在自然环境中,野生蜜蜂一般在树洞、地下、植物茎秆、石头缝隙等地方筑巢,因筑巢场所隐蔽,发现、研究和保护野生蜜蜂较为困难。人工巢箱又称"蜜蜂公寓",是根据野生蜜蜂的筑巢特点和筑巢材料人为设计而成,是目前监测、利用和保护野生蜜蜂资源的主要方法。笔者针对人工巢箱的设计思路、制作材料、结构搭配、应用领域等进行综述并提出建议,旨在为今后的昆虫学研究方法提供参考依据。Wild bees are important pollinators of wild plants and crops in the natural environment, as well as the guarantee for maintaining the health of natural and agricultural ecosystems. In the natural environment,wild bees generally nest in tree holes, soils, plant stalks, stone crevice and other places, and it is difficult to find, study and protect wild bees as their nesting sites are hidden. Artificial nest box, also known as"bee hotels", is designed based on the nesting sites and materials of wild bees, and could acts as the main method for monitoring, utilizing and protecting wild bee resources currently. This review summarized the design ideas,fabrication materials, structural collocation and application fields of artificial nest boxes for wild bees, and put forward some suggestions, in order to provide reference for future entomological research methods.

关 键 词：野生蜜蜂 人工巢箱 巢管材料 生物多样性 应用领域 

分 类 号：S894.5[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]