基于10 kWe核反应堆电源的海王星探测任务研究  

Mission analysis of a Neptune detector with a 10 kWe nuclear reactor power generator

作　　者：于国斌[1,2] 汪鹏飞 朱安文 牛俊坡[6] 谢奇林 胡古[8] 李晖[9] 何建森 YU GuoBin;WANG PengFei;ZHU AnWen;NIU JunPo;XIE QiLin;HU Gu;LI Hui;HE JianSen(School of Astronautics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Science and Technology and Quality,CNSA,Beijing 100048,China;School of Nuclear Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Department of System Engineering,China Atomic Energy Authority,Beijing 100048,China;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology,Shanghai 201109,China;China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100191 [2]国家航天局科技与质量司,北京100048 [3]兰州大学核科学与技术学院,兰州730000 [4]国家原子能机构系统工程司,北京100048 [5]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094 [6]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109 [7]中国工程物理研究院,绵阳621900 [8]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [9]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [10]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2021年第6期711-721,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家航天局民用航天预研项目资助。

摘　　要：本文对比分析同位素电源和空间堆电源在空间应用优劣基础上,确定空间堆电源为海王星边际探测任务的能源方案,提出了海王星探测涉及的4类主要科学问题,介绍了任务的功能模块、飞行轨道、设计约束等初步方案设想,重点围绕反应堆、热电转换装置、技术路线、涉核安全与辐射防护等阐述了10 kWe级空间堆电源技术方案,形成包括测控通信、电推进、自主运行管理、高可靠长寿命设计、有效载荷与微小卫星初选等在内的探测器平台方案,可为我国海王星探测的论证与实施提供参考.Based on a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of radioisotope and nuclear reactor power generators in space applications, this paper determines that the space reactor power generator is the energy scheme of the Neptune exploration mission,proposes four kinds of major scientific problems involved in Neptune exploration, and introduces preliminary scheme ideas, such as the function module, fight orbit, and design constraints of the mission. Then, focusing on the reactor, the thermal-electric conversion device, the technical route, nuclear safety and radiation protection, the study elaborates the technical scheme of a 10 k We space reactor power generator. The Neptune detector bus scheme, including TT&C communication, electric propulsion, independent operation and management, high-reliability and long-life design, payload, and microsatellite probe, can provide reference for the demonstration and implementation of Neptune exploration.

关 键 词：海王星探测 10 kWe级空间堆电源 任务分析 空间涉核安全 探测器平台 

分 类 号：V476.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]