欧洲球载太阳望远镜SUNRISE及相关研究成果简介  

Overview of Balloon-Borne Solar Telescope-SUNRISE

作　　者：刘艳霄 宋腾飞[2] 张涛[2] 黄旻 吕群波 项磊 夏利东[4] 孙明哲[4] 宋红强[4] 田晖[5,6] 张红鑫 宋海军[8] 杨晓许[8] 张雪飞[2] 王晶星[2] 刘煜[2] 金振宇[2] 江朝伟[1,9] 林隽 Liu Yanxiao;Song Tengfei;Zhang Tao;Huang Min;Lv Qunbo;Xiang Lei;Xia Lidong;Sun Mingzhe;Song Hongqiang;Tian Hui;Zhang Hongxin;Song Haijun;Yang Xiaoxu;Zhang Xuefei;Wang Jingxing;Liu Yu;Jin Zhenyu;Jiang Chaowei;Lin Jun(Institute of Space Science and Applied Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650216,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Institute of Space Sciences,Shandong University,Weihai 264209,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Key Laboratory of Solar Activity,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanical and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;Xi′an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi′an 710119,China;SIGMA Weather Group,State Key Laboratory for Space Weather,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Center for Astronomical Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学空间科学与应用技术研究院,广东深圳518055 [2]中国科学院云南天文台,云南昆明650216 [3]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [4]山东大学空间科学研究院,山东威海264209 [5]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [6]中国科学院太阳活动重点实验室,北京100101 [7]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033 [8]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,陕西西安710119 [9]中国科学院空间天气学国家重点实验室太阳-行星际-地磁天气团队,北京100190 [10]中国科学院大科学研究中心,北京100101 [11]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2021年第3期314-336,共23页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41822404,11933009);中国科学院战略先导专项(XDA17040507);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDJ-SSWSLH012);云南省创新团队培育项目(2018HC023);云南省高层次人才培养支持计划-云岭学者专项(YLXZ-2018-02478);国家自然科学基金面上项目(11973083,42074205);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(11763004)资助.

摘　　要：利用发射到平流层的球载太阳望远镜来观测太阳磁场演化和监视太阳活动有着得天独厚的优势。首先,在平流层中,球载太阳望远镜对太阳的观测不受来自地球对流层大气中天气现象的干扰,处于无视宁度影响的环境中,这为获取高质量的太阳图像提供了优越的条件。其次,平流层的空气已经十分稀薄,对紫外线的吸收也大大减弱,球载太阳望远镜能够在近紫外波段观测太阳活动和爆发。第三,球载太阳望远镜可以通过回收、升级和再利用来降低使用成本并提高望远镜的利用率,远比空间观测经济实惠。利用球载太阳望远镜开展对太阳的观测研究在欧美已经有半个多世纪的历史。简要回顾了太阳观测的球载任务发展历史,包括在这期间积累的丰富的仪器研制和观测经验,详细介绍欧洲“日出”(SUNRISE)球载任务的仪器搭载、高分辨率观测数据和一系列在此基础上完成的高质量科研成果,为我国球载望远镜的研制提供重要参考。The advantage is unique to observe the solar evolution and monitor solar activities by using the balloon-borne solar telescope launched into the stratosphere of the Earth′s atmosphere.First of all,observation of the balloon-borne telescope in the stratosphere is not disturbed by the climate phenomena in the troposphere,and is in a seeing-free environment,which provides a wonderful condition for obtaining solar images of high quality.Second,the air in the stratosphere is very tenuous,and the absorption in the ultraviolet wavelength weakens apparently,so the balloon-borne telescope is able to observe solar activities and eruptions in the near-ultraviolet wavelength.Third,the cost could be low and the efficiency could be enhanced significantly by using the balloon-borne telescopes via recycling,upgrading,and reusing.This is much more economical and practical than by using the space-borne telescopes.It has been more than half a century since the balloon-borne telescope was first launched in the Europe and the USA.This work is going to briefly look back the history of the balloon-borne solar telescope missions,including the rich experience in the instrument development and observations.The payloads of the SUNRISE,an European balloon-borne solar telescope mission,are described in this work,and large amount of the high quality data obtained by the SUNRISE,as well as the consequent scientific articles produced on the basis of these data are also introduced.The information presented here would be valuable and important for reference in developing the balloon-borne telescope in China.

关 键 词：球载任务 太阳望远镜 高空间分辨率 高时间分辨率 

分 类 号：TH75[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]