历史地理信息化与图情研究融合的必要性与可行性--以“数字历史黄河”为中心的考察  

The Necessity and Feasibility of Integrating Historical Geography Informatization with Library and Information Science:An Investigation of the Project“Digital Historical Yellow River”

作　　者：潘威 夏翠娟[2] 张光伟 孙涛[4] PAN Wei;XIA Cuijuan;ZHANG Guangwei;SUN Tao

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史地理研究中心,昆明650091 [2]上海图书馆,上海200031 [3]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,西安710119 [4]复旦大学历史地理研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《图书情报知识》2021年第3期50-60,共11页Documentation,Information & Knowledge

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“清代黄河河务财政制度及运作研究”(20BZS062);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“基于深度学习的西夏文自动识别系统”(17YJCZH239)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]历史地理信息化的深入发展遭遇瓶颈,需探索突破方法,而图情学科知识体系在提供数字学术支撑环境方面具有独特优势,能够助力历史地理信息化深入发展。本文即探讨历史地理信息化与图情研究融合的意义与路径。[研究设计/方法]在文献调研、专家交流与工作实践的基础上,揭示了历史地理信息化存在的三个困境,提出解决以上问题需引进图书情报学的知识体系和技术方法,尤其是加强历史文献管理方案、历史文献文本结构分析和历史地理数据标准三方面的建设,最后以“数字历史黄河”为例介绍了融合的若干节点。[结论/发现]历史地理信息化目前的困境已经严重影响到学科发展,历史地理信息化与图情的深度融合对推动历史地理学适应大数据时代具有必要性和可行性。[创新/价值]提出了图情研究与历史地理信息化融合的重要意义,并在“数字历史黄河”工作中首次指出了融合的可行性路径,这一融合已经发挥了消灭“数据孤岛”、建立数据关联的重要作用。[Purpose/Significance]At present,the in-depth development of historical geography information has encountered bottlenecks,and it is necessary to find methods for breakthroughs.The knowledge system of library and information science has unique advantages in providing digital academic supportive environment,which could help the in-depth development of historical geography information.This paper aims to explore the significance and paths of integrating historical geographic information with library and information science.[Design/Methodology]Based upon literature research,communication with experts and exiting working experience,this paper revealed three dilemmas of Historical Geography Informatization.In order to solve the problems,it is necessary to introduce the knowledge system and technical methods of library and information science,especially improve the development of historical document management scheme,historical document text structure analysis and historical geographic data standard.Finally,by taking"Digital Historical Yellow River"as an example,this paper introduced several fusion nodes for integration.[Findings/Conclusion]The current dilemma of Historical Geography Informatization has seriously affected the disciplinary development.Deep integration of Historical Geography Informatization with library and information science is essential and feasible for promoting historical geography to adapt to the big data era.[Originality/Value]This study reveals the significance of integrating library information science with historical geographic information,and points out the feasible paths of the integration in the project of"Digital Historical Yellow River"for the first time.This integration plays an important role in eliminating the"isolated island"of data and establishing data association.

关 键 词：历史地理信息化 图情研究 数字人文 语义互操作 

分 类 号：K916[历史地理—人文地理学] G250[文化科学—图书馆学]