地质聚合物凝结硬化及其调节技术的研究进展  

Research Progress on Setting and Hardening of Geopolymers and Their Control

作　　者：王爱国[1] 王星尧 孙道胜[1] 朱颖灿 刘开伟[1] 经验 管艳梅[1] WANG Aiguo;WANG Xingyao;SUN Daosheng;ZHU Yingcan;LIU Kaiwei;JING Yan;GUAN Yanmei(Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Building Materials,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230022,China;University of Southern Queensland,Centre for Sustainable Agricultural Systems,Toowoomba,QLD 4350,Australia)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学,安徽省先进建筑材料重点实验室,合肥230022 [2]南昆士兰大学,可持续农业系统中心,昆士兰州图文巴4350,澳大利亚

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第13期13001-13010,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51778003);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202004611020033);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金(KJ2019JD16)。

摘　　要：地质聚合物(Geopolymer)是一类由活性铝硅酸盐矿物在碱激发作用下形成的非传统胶凝材料,具有高强、耐久、绿色环保等特点。但地质聚合物原材料和碱性激发剂的多样性使其水化机理异常复杂,凝结硬化性质不确定性增加,且受环境温度变化影响大。因原材料及制备工艺不同,地质聚合物凝结硬化特性可能走向两个极端:(1)凝结硬化过快,难以施工;(2)长时间不凝结硬化,早期强度发展慢。通过合理有效的方法将其凝结时间调控至适合范围,是实际工程应用中亟需解决的关键问题。本文分别阐述了高钙、低钙和无钙体系下地质聚合物的凝结硬化机理,详细分析了铝硅酸盐原料细度、活性及CaO含量,激发剂的类型、掺量以及环境温度等因素对地质聚合物凝结时间的影响,概括总结了调节地质聚合物凝结时间的技术方法,并分析了其作用机理,以期为地质聚合物的应用研究提供技术支持。Geopolymers are a family of non-traditional cementitious materials formed by alkali-activation of reactive aluminosilicate minerals,which have the characteristics of high strength,good durability,green and environmental friendly.However,the diversity of raw materials and alkaline activators bring about the complexity of hydration(activation)mechanisms,and lead to the uncertainty of setting and hardening process.In addition,the change of temperature during manufacturing also has a great impact.Depending on the raw materials and preparation conditions,the setting and hardening of geopolymers may go to two extremes:on one hand,too rapid setting and accelerated hardening to work with,on the other hand,too slow to gain early strength.Therefore,control the setting time of geopolymers within a reasonable range is one of the key issues that address the problems of application.Based on the calcium-rich,low-calcium,calcium-free categories of geopolymer systems,this article clarified the setting and hardening mechanism of geopolymers,analyzed the influence of fineness,activity and CaO content of aluminosilicate materials,types and dosage of alkaline activators,as well as temperature on the setting time of geopolymers.It summarized the technical methods to regulate the setting time of geopolymers and analyzed its mechanism.It is expected to provide technical support for the application research of geopolymers.

关 键 词：地质聚合物 凝结时间 凝结硬化机理 调节技术 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]