Common and conflicting objectives and practices of herders and conservation managers:the need for a conservation herder  

作　　者：Zsolt Molnar Jozsef Kis Csaba Vadasz Laszlo Papp Istvan Sandor Sandor Beres Gabor Sinka Anna Varga 

机构地区：[1]MTA Centre for Ecological Research,2163,Vacratot,Alkotmany u.2-4.,Hungary [2]Freelance cattle herder,4060,Balmazujvaros,Kiskallo koz 3.,Hungary [3]Kiskunsag National Park,6001,Kecskemet,Liszt F.u.19.,Hungary [4]Freelance cattle herder,6794,Ulles,Ruzsai u.l 4.,Hungaryl [5]Zoo Budapest,1146,Budapest,allatkerti krt.6-12.,Hungaryl [6]ELTE,Institute of Ethnography and Folklore,Department of Material Ethnography,1088,Budapest,Muzeum krt.6-8.,Hungary [7]Balaton Uplands National Park,8229,Csopak,Kossuth u.16.,Hungary

出　　处：《Ecosystem Health and Sustainability》2016年第4期1-17,共17页生态系统健康与可持续性（英文）

基　　金：This research was partly supported by the project“Sustainable Conservation on Hungarian Natura 2000 Sites(SH/4/8)”within the frame-work of the Swiss Contribution Program and by the project“Silvopastoral systems of the Duna-Tisza koze region”supported by the Kiskunsag National Park.

摘　　要：The mutual dependence of extensive land-use and conservation management has become appar-ent in Europe in the last 20-30 yr.Extensive land-use often survives in protected areas only,in the form of conservation management.Knowledge of extensive herding and that of conservation management are parts of two knowledge systems(traditional and scientific)which often leads to conflicts between locals and con-servationists.We studied two herding/conservation systems(salt steppes and wood-pastures),and devel-oped an inventory on the common/similar and conflicting/different objectives and pasture management practices of herders and conservationists.Data were collected by participatory knowledge co-production in teamwork of the co-authors(herders,conservation managers,and scientists).Data were analyzed and discussed in teamwork too.Herders and conservationists identified 23 objectives and 29 management prac-tices.We found a number of common interests with respect to herding,the ideal state of pastures,legal provisions,and communication.Conflict resolution recommendations(e.g.,on time and place of grazing,pasture improvements)were also developed.We argue that by co-production of knowledge,and establish-ment of a herder“school”the mitigation of the existing conflicts would be more effective.Our conclusion is that a new profession is needed:that of the conservation herder.The conservation herder shall be an indi-vidual knowledgeable about herding and pasture management,trained in conservation and ecology,able to design management experiments,and develop novel but tradition-based management practices.As such,he/she could facilitate adaptation of extensive herding in the changing socio-economic environment.

关 键 词：agri-environment schemes extensive grazing and herding extensive land-use Hungary pasture man-agement salt steppe Special Feature:Ecosystem Management in Transition in Central and Eastern Europe traditional ecological knowledge wood-pasture 

分 类 号：D67[政治法律—政治学]