杉木内生细菌SM-1的鉴定及其对杉木赤枯病的防治效果  

Endophytic Bacteria for Biocontrol of Copper Blight on Cunninghamia lanceolate

作　　者：刘雨菁 曾华龙 梁炜康 卢梦 朱伟垚 张蕾[3] 宋漳 张清华 LIU Yujing;ZENG Hualong;LIANG Weikang;LU Meng;ZHU Weiyao;ZHANG Lei;SONG Zhang;ZHANH Qinghua(Institute of Forest Protection,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Key Lab of Natural Pesticides and Chemical Biology,Ministry of Education/South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong510642,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agriculture,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院森林保护研究所,福建福州350002 [2]华南农业大学教育部天然农药与化学生物学重点实验室,广东广州510642 [3]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2021年第5期556-563,共8页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2019J041);福建农林大学科技创新项目(KFA17054A)。

摘　　要：【目的】杉木赤枯病是杉木的重要病害之一,严重威胁杉木苗木生产及幼树成林。为了更好保护杉木,防治杉木赤枯病,从杉木叶片分离到内生细菌SM-1,探讨其对杉木赤枯病菌(Pestalotiopsis apiculatus)的拮抗作用。【方法】经形态观察、生理生化特性观察、16S rRNA及Biolog系统鉴定其种类;含毒平板及牛津杯法检测SM-1无菌发酵液对赤枯病菌的抑制率,并观察SM-1对赤枯病菌菌丝形态的影响;离体枝条的叶片接种试验检测SM-1无菌发酵液的防病效果。【结果】SM-1为萎缩芽孢杆菌(Bacillus atrophaeus),其无菌发酵液对赤枯病菌的抑制率可达58.80%;显微观察显示SM-1能够使赤枯病菌菌丝生长受到抑制,细胞膨大成球形;离体枝条的叶片接种试验揭示SM-1无菌发酵液对杉木赤枯病的抑制效率达95%,能够极显著减轻叶片发病程度(P<0.01)。【结论】杉木内生芽孢杆菌SM-1对杉木赤枯病具有良好的生物防治潜力。【Objective】Endophytic bacteria that could effectively control the copper blight,one of the most significant diseases that seriously infects the seedlings and saplings,of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolate)were investigated.【Methods】Candidate endophytic bacteria were cultured and isolated from leaves of Chinese fir followed by morphological,physiological,and biochemical analyses as well as 16S rRNA sequencing for identification.Pathogen inhibition against Pestalotiopsis apiculatus by the sterile fermentation filtrate of potential specimens was tested on toxic plate and Oxford cup and observed under a microscope.Effectiveness of the disease control by the selected bacteria was further verified in vitro on fir leaves.【Results】The endophytic bacterium coded SM-1 showed a significant antagonistic effect against P.apiculatus.It was isolated and identified as Bacillus atrophaeus.On the toxic plate and Oxford cup tests,the SM-1 fermentation filtrate yielded a P.apiculatus inhibition rate of 58.80%.Morphologically,the bacterium inhibited the mycelial growth and caused cellular swelling that changed the cells spherical in appearance of the pathogen.The efficacy of the SM-1 filtrate on copper blight on the fir leaves was 95%with significantly reduced disease severity(P<0.01).【Conclusion】The SM-1,identified as B.atrophaeus,appeared to be a potential biocontrol agent to deter copper blight on Chinese fir.

关 键 词：萎缩芽孢杆菌 杉木赤枯病 内生细菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]