乌鲁木齐两种类型降水的雨滴谱特征  

Raindrop Size Distribution of Two Types of Precipitation in Urumqi

作　　者：冯婉悦 王智敏 杨莲梅[1] 安克武 苏朝丞 FENG Wanyue;WANG Zhimin;YANG Lianmei;AN Kewu;SU Zhaocheng(Institute of Desert Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Technology and Equipment Support Center,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Weather Modification Office,Urumqi 830002,China;Urumqi Meteorological Bureau,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆气象技术装备保障中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆人工影响天气办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [4]乌鲁木齐市气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2021年第3期55-61,共7页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2019007);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1507502)。

摘　　要：利用乌鲁木齐2018年1—12月雨滴谱仪观测数据,分析了两种类型降水(雨、雨加雪)滴谱的微物理参量,以探究乌鲁木齐不同类型降水的雨滴谱特征,此外,对总粒子数浓度与降水强度(Nt-R)、雷达反射率因子与降水强度(Z-R)等关系也进行了研究。结果表明:(1)两种类型降水的雨滴谱均为单峰分布,粒子数浓度峰值均在低谱段,雨夹雪的滴谱宽度为0.31~7.50 mm,雨的谱宽为0.31~5.50 mm。(2)雨的平均粒子尺度参数(如质量加权平均直径D_(m))和降水强度R均略大于雨夹雪,而雨夹雪的平均总粒子数浓度Nt比雨的约大23.7%。(3)文中拟合得到的雨、雨加雪Z-R关系分别为Z=181.7R^(1.45)、Z=205.4R^(1.27)。Based on raindrop spectrometer observation data of Urumqi station from January to December in 2018,the microphysical parameters of two types of precipitation(rain,sleet)were analyzed,in order to explore the raindrop size distribution(DSD)of different precipitation.In addition,the relationship between Nt-R and Z-R was also studied.The main results were as follows.(1)The DSD of the two types of precipitation showed a single-peak distribution,and the particles had a peak concentration in low spectral ranges.Among that,the raindrop spectrum width of sleet was 0.31-7.50 mm,and that of raindrop was 0.31-5.50 mm.(2)The average particle size parameters(such as mass-weighted mean diameter D_(m))and precipitation intensity rate(R)of rain are slightly larger than those of sleet.In contrast,the total particle number concentration of sleet was about 23.7% higher than that of rain.(3)The Z-R relationship fitted of rain and sleet was Z=181.7R^(1.45) and Z=205.4R^(1.27).

关 键 词：雨滴谱 降水 Z-R关系 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]