比例尺度和粗糙度影响下的溢洪道水流结构数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Spillway Flow Structure under the Influence of Proportional Scale and Roughness

作　　者：厉建阳 LI Jianyang(Mengyin Water Resources Bureau,Mengyin 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]蒙阴县水利局,山东蒙阴276000

出　　处：《中国水能及电气化》2021年第6期27-34,共8页China Water Power & Electrification

摘　　要：文章研究采用计算流体力学模型FLOW-3D,详细研究了溢流坝的流量、水面、坝顶压力、流速和压力的垂直分布受模型尺度和表面粗糙度影响的程度。该模型已在溢流坝流动分析领域得到广泛的应用。模拟结果表明:由一般建筑材料表面粗糙度引起的流量、水面和顶部压力的误差是微不足道的,如果长度比例小于100或200,模型的比例效应在可接受的误差范围内。在百米以下,最大流速出现在堰顶垂直处,原型的流速较比例模型的大,但在百米以上,现象相反。随着表面粗糙度和长度比例的增加,任何截面的最大流速都略有下降。随着上游水头的增加,最大流速出现于较低的位置,并且该位置会随着与溢洪道前部的距离而变化。A computational fluid dynamics model Flow-3D is used in the study to investigate the effect of model size and surface roughness on flow rate,water surface,dam crest pressure,velocity and pressure vertical distribution of the overflow dams.The model has been widely used in overflow dam flow analysis.The simulation results show that the errors of flow rate,water surface and dam crest pressure caused by the surface roughness of general building materials are negligible.If the length ratio is less than 100 or 200,the scale effect of the model is within the acceptable error range.The maximum velocity appears at the vertical part of the weir crest below 100 meters.The velocity of the prototype is larger than that of the scale model,but the phenomenon is reversed above 100 meters.The maximum velocity at any section is decreased slightly with the surface roughness and length ratio increase.The maximum velocity occurs at the lower position,and it varies with the distance from the front of the spillway with the increase of the upstream water head.

关 键 词：FLOW-3D OGEE溢洪道 粗糙度效应 比例效应 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]