径流涡轮叶尖间隙对叶片振动的影响研究  

Influence of Tip Clearance on Blade Vibration of Vaneless Radial Turbine

作　　者：潘镭 杨名洋 Shouta Murae Wataru Sato Naoto Shimohara Akihiro Yamagata Lei Pan;Ming-yang Yang;Shouta Murae;Wataru Sato;Naoto Shimohara;Akihiro Yamagata(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China;IHI Corporation,Japan)

机构地区：[1]Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China [2]IHI Corporation,Japan

出　　处：《风机技术》2021年第3期46-55,10,共11页Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(Grant No. 51606121)

摘　　要：由于对高效、高响应性涡轮增压器的大量需求,径流涡轮叶片的高周疲劳已成为涡轮增压器损坏的最常见原因。叶尖间隙是主导叶尖泄漏涡演化的关键参数,并影响叶片表面的气动激振力,其对叶片振动的影响不可忽略。本文采用单向流固耦合数值方法,研究无叶径流涡轮叶尖间隙对叶片振动的影响。结果表明,叶片振幅随间隙增大成“V形”变化趋势。广义能量分析表明,“V形”趋势由压力谐波分量的幅值在叶片表面的分布所决定。流场分析进一步表明,压力谐波分量的幅值在叶片压力面和吸力面的分布均受叶尖泄漏涡影响,但两者的机理不同。With the increasing demand of turbochargers with high performance and low turbo lag,high cycle fatigue(HCF)of radial turbine blades has become the most common form of turbocharger failure.Tip clearance is the key to influencing the strength and evolution of tip leakage vortex which plays an important role in HCF due to the impact on aerodynamic excitation.This paper studies the influence of tip clearance on blade excitation of a vaneless radial turbine.One-way fluid-structure interaction numerical method is employed in this research,which is validated by experimental data.The results suggest that a‘V-shape’correlation exists between vibration amplitude and tip clearance.Generalized energy analysis indicates that complex distributions of harmonic pressure amplitude on the blade determine the‘V shape’correlation.Flow field analysis further suggests that distributions of harmonic pressure amplitude on pressure surface and suction surface are both dominated by tip leakage vortex,whereas the mechanisms are quite different.

关 键 词：涡轮增压器 气动激振力 叶片振动 叶尖泄漏涡 叶片表面 谐波分量 涡轮叶片 高周疲劳 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]