日本政府对“慰安妇”问题的历史认识演变——以官方谈话为中心的考察  

Evolution of the Japanese Government's Historical View of"Comfort Women"--An Examination Centered on Official Statements

作　　者：陈健行[1,2] Chen Jianxing

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200062 [2]上海通志馆,上海200062

出　　处：《日本研究》2021年第2期62-70,共9页Japan Studies

摘　　要：官方谈话代表日本政府对某项问题的基本态度。“慰安妇”是典型的二战史遗留问题,日本官方谈话多次涉及。1992年日本政府发表第一次“慰安妇”调查结果(即“加藤谈话”),首次承认军方参与其中。1993年日本政府专门针对该问题发表“河野谈话”,承认日军强征“慰安妇”。“河野谈话”虽然被历届日本政府所继承,但是其精神实质不断受到挑战和削弱。特别是安倍晋三内阁试图以否定“河野谈话”来否定“慰安妇”问题。他借纪念战后70周年之际,发表“安倍谈话”,极力模糊“慰安妇”问题。接替安倍政治遗产的菅义伟则保持一贯作风,坚持“问题已解决”态度。日本政府关于“慰安妇”问题的立场“倒退”背后,原因呈现错综复杂。Official statements represent the Japanese government's basic attitude toward a certain issue.The"comfort women"is a typical issue left over from the history of World War II,and has been addressed in many official Japanese statements.1992 saw the Japanese government release the results of the first"comfort women"investigation,acknowledging for the first time the involvement of the military.In 1993,the Japanese government issued the"Kono statement"to specifically address this issue,acknowledging the forced recruitment of"comfort women"by the Japanese military.Although the"Kono statement"has been inherited by successive Japanese governments since its publication,its spirit has been constantly challenged and weakened.The government of Shinzo Abe even tried to deny the issue of"comfort women"by denying the"Kono statement".On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the war,he issued the"Abe statement"and tried to obscure the issue of"comfort women".Yoshihide Suga,who succeeded Abe's political legacy,maintained his usual style and insisted that the issue had been resolved.The reasons behind the regression in Japan's historical outlook are complex.

关 键 词：官方谈话 “慰安妇” 日本政府 历史认识 历史修正主义 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系] D827[政治法律—政治学]