日本青少年政策的框架、内容及其推进机制——2020年版《儿童和青年白皮书》解读  

The Framework,Content and Promotion Mechanism of Japan's Juvenile Policies--An Interpretation of Japan's 2020 White Paper on Children and Youth

作　　者：师艳荣[1] Shi Yanrong

机构地区：[1]天津社会科学院日本研究所,天津300191

出　　处：《日本研究》2021年第2期89-96,共8页Japan Studies

摘　　要：青少年政策涉及教育、福利、就业、健康等与青少年成长发展相关的各个领域。按照政策作用的对象划分,日本青少年政策主要由培养政策和援助政策构成。培养政策以全体青少年为对象,从塑造健全人格的理念出发,着重培养青少年的基本生活习惯、规范意识、生存能力和学习能力,并为青少年的自立、就业及社会参与提供政策支持。援助政策主要针对受虐待儿童、校园欺凌受害者等处于困境中的青少年及其家庭采取的援助和保护措施。日本政府在制定及实施青少年政策过程中,构建了多维度政策框架体系,形成了注重调查研究、积极宣传推介、重视人才培养和充实咨询体制的推进机制。本文通过解读2020年版《儿童和青年白皮书》的核心内容,分析当今日本青少年政策的框架、内容及其推进机制。Youth policies involve education,welfare,employment,health and other areas related to the growth and development of young people.According to the objects of the policies,Japan's youth policies mainly consist of the cultivation policies and the assistance policies.The cultivation policies are aimed at all teenagers,and their goal is to build a healthy personality.Therefore they focus on cultivating teenagers'basic living habits,standard consciousness,survival abilities and learning abilities,and provide support for teenagers'self-reliance,employment and social participation.The assistance policies are mainly aimed at adolescents in distress and their families,such as abused children,victims of school bullying,and provide assistance and protection measures for them.In the process of formulating and implementing adolescent policies,the Japanese government has constructed a multi-dimensional policy framework system,and formed a promotion mechanism that attaches importance to investigation and research,active publicity and promotion,talent training and enrichment of the consultation system.By interpreting the core content of the 2020's White Paper on Children and Youth,this paper analyzes the framework,content and promotion mechanism of Japan's youth policies today.

关 键 词：《儿童和青年白皮书》 政策框架 欺凌防止 青年援助 

分 类 号：C913.5[经济管理] G459[社会学]