探寻社区常规化治理之道:三种运行逻辑的比较--以上海垃圾分类治理为例  

The Routine Community Governance in China:A Comparison of Three Operational Logics--A Case Study of Garbage Classification and Management in Shanghai

作　　者：陈毅[1] 张京唐 CHEN Yi;ZHANG Jing-tang(East China University of Political Science and Law)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学政治学与公共管理学院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期47-55,共9页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划一般项目“党建引领基层社会治理的实践模式、运行逻辑与优化路径:基于上海大都市的实证研究”(2020BDS002)。

摘　　要：面对社区问题的琐碎性、多样性和复杂性,探寻富有成效的社区常规化治理之道既关涉国家治理体系和治理能力现代化在社区的实现,也关涉社区治理危机的化解。借助对上海垃圾分类治理的调研,根据行政控制的程度与社会资本的强弱,本文认为社区治理可以划分为行政主导型、居民自治型和协同共治型三种模式。通过比较它们各自的优劣以及三种模式之间的转换,探寻社区常规化治理何以可能。仅靠行政主导的压力考核机制,垃圾分类治理绩效易发生反弹,而社区的利益纠纷和权利纠葛使得社区自治陷入困境。若要充分发挥现行的协同共治模式,实现多元主体高效协同,应把国家和政党权威带入基层治理,以政治吸纳行政的方式,从国家全局性和规划性来整体性回应社区治理难题,以党建引领的缜密组织化来整合社区多元力量,通过党群服务中心的平台建设,使社会资本运转起来;同时通过培育居民的法治意识,探寻国家高位推动机制、党建引领机制、社会自主参与机制与依法治理机制的相互支撑与合作模式,从而使“去行政化”社区常规化治理落地生根。Faced with the triviality,diversity and complexity of community issues,seeking effective and regular ways of community governance is not only related to the realization of the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity in the community,but also related to the resolution of community governance crisis.Based on the research of garbage classification management of Shanghai,according to the degree of administrative control and the strength of the social capital,community governance can be divided into three modes,including administrative leading,residents autonomy and collaborative work.Through the comparison and conversion of their respective advantages and disadvantages,this study explores the possibilities of regular community governance.Relying only on the administration-led pressure assessment mechanism,the performance of garbage classification management is easy to rebound,while the interest disputes and rights disputes in the real community make the community autonomy fall into a dilemma.In order to give full play to the current cooperative and co-governance model to make multiple subjects cooperate efficiently,the authority of the state and political parties should be brought into primary-level governance,difficulties in community governance should be comprehensively responded from the overall state and planning in the way of political absorption of administration,the diverse forces of the community should be integrated through the careful organization led by the Party building,the social capital should be put into operation through the platform construction of the Party-mass service center,and the residents’awareness of the rule of law should also be cultivated.This paper explores the mutual support between the national high-level promotion mechanism,the leading mechanism of Party building,the independent social participation mechanism and the law-based governance mechanism,so as to make the“de-administration”regular community governance possible.

关 键 词：行政控制 社会资本 协同共治 治理之道 

分 类 号：D669.3[政治法律—政治学]