抽蓄机组甩负荷过程压力脉动及流动噪声仿真  

Simulation of pressure fluctuation and flow induced noise of pump turbine in load rejection of pumped storage unit

作　　者：冯俊 毛秀丽 郑源[3] 陈帝伊[2] 董正豪 FENG Jun;MAO Xiuli;ZHENG Yuan;CHEN Diyi;DONG Zhenghao(Power China Zhongnan Engineering Co.Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410014,China;College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410014 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2021年第7期678-684,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51909222);西北农林科技大学科研启动基金资助项目(Z109021813)。

摘　　要：为了研究水泵水轮机发电模式下甩负荷过渡过程压力脉动特性及其对流动诱导噪声的影响,以国内某抽水蓄能电站机组为研究对象,基于网格壁面滑移技术与分离涡湍流模型,通过ANSYS软件对瞬态流场进行数值模拟计算,并将所得流场信号作为声场源在LMS软件中进一步开展流动诱导噪声的仿真.结果表明因2个无叶区流态分别受动静干涉(固定导叶与活动导叶间)与动动干涉(活动导叶与转轮间)影响,导叶两侧压力变化趋势完全不同.转轮流道内压力脉动主频位置在叶频St为0.6763处,水泵水轮机内声场噪声分布呈现明显的偶极子特性,小流量(0.2QBEP以下)时内场声压变化相对剧烈,最大声压值高达130.00 dB,最小声压为9.67 dB.不同时刻外声场声压级表现出极为相似的波动性,整体趋势表现为声源强度随流量减小而增加,但是流量变化对噪声指向性分布形式并无影响,说明对水泵水轮机内部压力脉动情况改善有助于降低流动诱导噪声水平.In order to investigate the characteristics of pressure fluctuations and its influence on flow induced noise in the transient process of load rejection under pump turbine power generating mode.A domestic pumped storage power station unit was taken as the research object.Based on the mesh sliding technique and the separated vortex turbulence model of detached eddy simulation,three-dimensional calculation of transient period was carried out by ANSYS software.The pressure signals acquired from flow field was treated as a source for the further study the flow induced noise in sound field by using LMS software.The results show that the flow field in two vaneless regions is widely divergent,due to the different influence form rotor-stator interaction(between stay vane and guide vane)and rotor-rotor interaction(between guide vane and runner).The change trend of pressure on both sides of guide vane is completely different.The main frequency of pressure fluctuation from runner passage is located at blade passing frequency(St=0.6763).The sound pressure field noise distribution in pump turbine presents obvious dipole characteristics,which become extremely serious under small flow condition(smaller than 0.2QBEP),wherein the maximum sound pressure reaches at 130.00 dB and the minimum sound pressure value is 9.67 dB.The pulsations of sound pressure level are similar at different moments in external sound field of pump turbine,the overall trend is that the intensity of sound pressure increases as the flow reduction.However,the change of flow rate has no effect on the distribution pattern of noise which indicates that the improvement of pressure fluctuation in pump turbine is a way to decrease the sound level of flow induced noise.

关 键 词：水泵水轮机 甩负荷 流场与声场仿真 压力脉动 流动诱导噪声 

分 类 号：TK734[交通运输工程—轮机工程] S277.9[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]