行间生草对山楂园土壤养分、酶活性及微生物的影响  

Effects of Interrow Grass on Soil Nutrients,Enzyme Activities and Microorganisms in Hawthorn Orchard

作　　者：王宝广 邵泽龙 姬学俊 侯志勇 冉昆[3] WANG Baoguang;SHAO Zelong;JI Xuejun;HOU Zhiyong;RAN Kun(Fruit and Tea Service Center of Fei County,Fei County 273400,China;Administrative Examination and Approval Service Bureau of Fei County,Fei County 273400,China;Shandong Institute of Pomology,Taian 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]费县果茶服务中心,山东费县273400 [2]费县行政审批服务局,山东费县273400 [3]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2021年第4期21-24,共4页Journal of Fruit Resources

摘　　要：在山楂园行间连续种植4年毛苕子和黑麦草,研究生草对山楂园土壤养分、酶活性及微生物的影响,以期为生草栽培在山楂园土壤管理当中的应用提供参考。结果表明:山楂园行间种植毛苕子和黑麦草显著提高0~20 cm、20~40 cm土层土壤有机质,与清耕相比分别提高37.7%、33.2%和29.7%、27.7%,但对40~60 cm土层的有机质含量没有显著影响。行间种植毛苕子和黑麦草显著提高各个土层的碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量以及0~20 cm、20~40 cm土层的蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和脲酶活性。此外,行间生草显著增加了山楂园各个土层的土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量。本研究表明,行间种植毛苕子和黑麦草可提高山楂园土壤养分含量、增加土壤酶活性,改善土壤微生物,提高土壤综合肥力。综合而言,毛苕子较黑麦草更适宜在山楂园中推广。In this experiment,the leguminous vetch and the gramineous ryegrass were continuously grown between rows(4 years)to explore the effects of growing grass on soil nutrients,enzyme activities and microorganisms in hawthorn orchards.The results showed that planting vetch and ryegrass between rows in the hawthorn orchard significantly increased the soil organic matter in soil layers from 0 cm to 20 cm and from 20 cm to 40 cm,and increased 37.7%,33.2%and 29.7%,27.7%,respectively,compared with clear tillage,but the organic matter content of soil layer from 40 cm to 60 cm has no significant effect.Planting vetch and ryegrass between rows significantly increased the content of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in each soil layer,and the activities of invertase,phosphatase and urease in the soil layers from 0 cm to 20 cm and 20cm to 40 cm.In addition,growing grass between rows significantly increased the number of soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in each soil layer of the hawthorn orchard.This study showed that planting vetch and ryegrass between rows could increase soil nutrient content in hawthorn orchard,increase soil enzyme activity,improve soil microbes,and improve soil comprehensive fertility.Comprehensive comparison,vetch is more suitable for promotion in hawthorn orchard than ryegrass.

关 键 词：山楂园 行间生草 土壤养分 土壤酶活性 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S661.5[农业科学—果树学]