糖尿病足风险患者足部自我护理行为现状及影响因素分析  

Current situation and influencing factors of foot self-care behavior in patients at risk of diabetic foot

作　　者：王冬芮[1] 魏力[1,2] Wang Dongrui;Wei Li(Nursing Department,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,Tianjin 300052,China;Nursing Department,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Site,Tianjin 300308,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院护理部,天津300052 [2]天津医科大学总医院空港医院护理部,天津300308

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2021年第17期2317-2321,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：天津市滨海新区卫健委科技项目(2016BWKY001)。

摘　　要：目的探讨糖尿病足风险患者足部自我护理行为现状及其影响因素。方法于2018年3—12月,采用多阶段抽样法选取天津市社区糖尿病足风险患者360例。采用一般资料调查表、电子健康素养量表及中文版诺丁汉足部护理评估量表对其进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析法分析患者年龄、电子健康素养与足部自我护理行为的相关性。应用多重线性回归分析糖尿病足风险患者足部自我护理行为的影响因素。本研究共发放问卷360份,回收有效问卷352份,有效回收率为97.8%。结果352例患者的中文版诺丁汉足部护理评估量表总分为(68.23±11.70)分,处于中等水平。不同性别、文化程度、糖尿病病程、婚姻情况及职业的糖尿病足风险患者中文版诺丁汉足部护理评估量表得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。患者的年龄与中文版诺丁汉足部护理评估量表总分呈负相关(r=-0.431,P<0.05);电子健康素养量表总分及各维度得分与中文版诺丁汉足部护理评估量表总分呈正相关(r值为0.410~0.567;P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,性别、婚姻情况、职业、文化程度及电子健康素养决策及应用能力是糖尿病足风险患者足部自我护理行为的影响因素(P<0.05),共同解释了足部自我护理行为67.5%的变异。结论糖尿病足风险患者的足部自我护理行为处于中等水平。在对糖尿病足风险患者的临床护理工作中,综合考虑患者的基本情况,提升其电子健康素养有助于改善患者的足部自我护理行为,预防糖尿病足的发生。Objective To evaluate the current situation and influencing factors of foot self-care behavior in patients at risk of diabetic foot.Methods From March to December 2018,a total of 360 community patients at risk of diabetic foot in Tianjin were enrolled by multi-stage sampling.The General Data Questionnaire,e-Health Literacy Scale,and Chinese version of Nottingham Assessment of Functional Footcare Scale(NAFF)were employed for investigation.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between age,e-health literacy and foot self-care behavior.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of foot self-care behavior in patients at risk of diabetic foot.A total of 360 questionnaires were distributed,and 352 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 97.8%.Results The overall mean score of the Chinese version of NAFF was(68.23±11.70),which was at the medium level.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of the Chinese version of NAFF in patients with different gender,education levels,diabetic duration,marriage and occupation(P<0.01).Patients'age was negatively correlated with the scores of the Chinese version of NAFF(r=-0.431,P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between the total scores of the e-Health Literacy Scale,as well as the scores of each dimension,and the total scores of the Chinese version of NAFF(r=0.410-0.567,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that patients'gender,marriage,occupational status,educational level,e-health literacy decisionmaking and application ability were the influencing factors of foot self-care behavior,with an interpretation variance of 67.5%(P<0.05).Conclusions The foot self-care behavior in patients at risk of diabetic foot was at the medium level.In the clinical nursing work of patients with diabetic foot risk,comprehensive consideration of the basic situation of patients and improvement of their electronic health literacy will help to improve the foot self-care behavior of

关 键 词：糖尿病足 风险 自我护理 电子健康素养 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]