法益损害的"数额犯化"与量定标准重构  

The Generalization of"Amount Clause"and the Measurement Standard of Legal Interest Damage

作　　者：魏昌东 尤广宇 Wei Changdong;You Guangyu(Shanghai Academy of Social Science;Science of Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学研究院法学研究所 [2]北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2021年第3期127-142,共16页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：国家社科基金重大课题“中国特色反腐败国家立法体系建设重大理论与现实问题研究”(17ZDA135)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数额犯模式下的犯罪数额,虽是立法所设定的构成要件,但却全权交由司法解释设定罪量,数额在法益侵害程度量定中具有得天独厚的优势.然而,将其泛化适用于非数额犯之中,则弱化与曲解了数额与法益损害揭示之间的关系,危及了罪刑法定原则与罪责刑相适应原则的效力.招致司法解释"数额依赖症"的原因多元,直接原因在于规范量刑的宏观需求,深层原因在于自然犯与法定犯的格局变动,外部原因在于市场经济环境建立的货币主义价值观.正确认识罪量要素与法益侵害性的逻辑关系是纠正法益揭示偏差的前提,建立"行为-对象-结果"综合量定标准是化解法益损害量定危机的核心,以罪量综合主义代替数额中心主义是解决法益损害量定问题的关键.为规范法益损害量定的标准,司法解释应当根据犯罪阶段分别确立标准的制定依据.The amount of crime under the amount-offense model is a constituent element set by legislation,but it is the discretion of judicial interpretation to set the amount of crime.The amount has a unique advantage in the determination of the degree of infringement of legal interests.Generalization applies to non-quantitative offenders,which weakens and distorts the relationship between the amount and the disclosure of legal damage,and jeopardizes the effectiveness of the principle of statutory crime and the principle of adaptability of crime to liability.The reasons for the judicial interpretation of“amount dependence syndrome”are diverse.The direct reason lies in the macrodemand for standardizing sentencing,the deep reason lies in the change in the pattern of natural and legal offenders,and the external reason lies in the monetarist values established by the market economy environment.Correct understanding of the logical relationship between the elements of crime amount and the infringement of legal benefits is the prerequisite for correcting the discrepancies revealed by legal interests,and the establishment of the“hehavior-object-result”comprehensive measurement standard is the core of resolving the crisis of the determination of the damage of legal benefits.Doctrine is the key to solving the problem of determining the damage of legal benefits.In order to standardize the standards setting for the amount of legal damage,judicial interpretation should establish the basis for the formulation of standards according to the stage of the crime.

关 键 词：司法解释 罪量因素 数额与情节 法益量定 

分 类 号：D917.6[政治法律—法学]