不同菌剂制备餐厨垃圾液态有机肥过程物质转化规律研究  

Study on the law of substance transformation in the process of liquid organic fertilizer preparation from food waste with different microbial agents

作　　者：刘晓佩 李鸣晓[2] 戴昕 李雪琪 窦润琪 王勇 贾璇[4] 冯作山 安立超[1] LIU Xiaopei;LI Mingxiao;DAI Xin;LI Xueqi;DOU Runqi;WANG Yong;JIA Xuan;FENG Zuoshan;AN Lichao(School of Environmental and Biological Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese;Research Academy of Environmental Sciences 3.Nanjing Wondux Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control,School of Ecological Environment,Beijing Technology and Business University;Hubei Lüdao Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院 [2]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [3]南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 [4]北京工商大学生态环境学院,国家环境保护食品链污染防治重点实验室 [5]湖北绿道农业发展有限公司

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2021年第4期750-755,共6页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100304)。

摘　　要：采用商品化的餐厨垃圾降解菌剂和自主筛选的抗酸化复合菌剂制备餐厨垃圾液态有机肥,对比分析不同菌剂对餐厨垃圾制备液态有机肥过程中固液两相物质转化的影响,阐明餐厨垃圾制备液态有机肥过程中有机质、糖类、粗蛋白等物质的转化规律。结果表明:2组菌剂均可降低餐厨垃圾中的有机质和粗蛋白浓度,提高液相游离氨基酸浓度;其中接种抗酸化复合菌剂效果更佳,处理后餐厨垃圾固相有机质、粗蛋白浓度下降比例分别为1.17%、15.41%,分别是餐厨垃圾降解菌剂组浓度下降比例的3.66和1.66倍;反应96 h时,液相游离氨基酸浓度达到770.6 mg/L,是餐厨垃圾降解菌剂组浓度的1.24倍;前48 h时,抗酸化菌剂组液相中总糖和还原糖利用率均达到91%以上,而餐厨垃圾降解菌剂组均仅为28.52%。抗酸化复合菌剂可有效促进餐厨垃圾中大分子有机物转化为可溶性小分子有机物以及游离氨基酸,有望为餐厨垃圾高值化液态有机肥的制备提供技术支撑。The commercialized food waste degradation agent and self-selected anti-acidification microbial consortium were adopted to produce liquid organic fertilizer from food waste.The impacts of different microbial agents on the solid-liquid transformation of substances in the process of preparing liquid organic fertilizer from food waste were compared and analyzed.The transformation law of organic matter,sugars,crude protein and other substances was expounded.The results indicated that both microbial agents could lower the content of organic matter and crude protein,and increase the content of liquid free amino acids in food waste.The best effect was inoculated with anti-acidification microbial consortium,and its solid organic matter and crude protein decreased 1.17%and 15.41%,respectively,which were 3.66 times and 1.66 times higher than those from food waste degradation agent group;when reacting for 96 h,the content of liquid free amino acids increased to 770.6 mg/L,which were 1.24 times higher than that from food waste degradation agent group.In the first 48 hours,the utilization rates of total sugar and reducing sugar both reached more than 91%in the liquid anti-acidification microbial consortium,but the both rates are only 28.52%for the kitchen waste biodegradable bacteria group.Therefore,anti-acidification microbial consortium could effectively promote the conversion of macromolecular organic matter into soluble micromolecular organic matter and free amino acids,which was expected to provide technical support for the preparation of high-value liquid organic fertilizer from food waste.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 抗酸化复合菌剂 餐厨垃圾降解菌剂 液态有机肥 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]