隧道群明暗转换对暗反应时间的影响  

Influence of tunnel group light-dark conversion on dark reaction time

作　　者：崔洪军 王玉帛 朱敏清 李霞 CUI Hong-jun;WANG Yu-bo;ZHU Min-qing;LI Xia(School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;School of Architecture and Art Design,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津300401 [2]河北工业大学建筑与艺术学院,天津300401

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2021年第2期200-208,共9页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51678212);河北省技术创新引导计划项目(19970808D);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2019202449);河北省创新能力提升计划项目(20557672D)。

摘　　要：在设计的暗室中测得42名被试人在不同明暗转换次数下的暗反应时间,研究了明暗转换次数、隧道类型与连接段类型影响下的驾驶人暗反应时间变化;利用重复测量的一般线性与线性混合模型,分析了不同影响因素下的驾驶人暗反应时间;基于隧道类型和连接段类型对驾驶人暗反应时间变化速率的影响,研究了明暗转换次数、隧道类型与连接段类型对驾驶人暗反应时间的交互影响,建立了明暗转换次数、隧道类型与连接段类型的混合线性模型。研究结果表明:驾驶人暗反应时间随明暗转换次数的增加而减少,在经历3次明暗转换后达到最小值并趋于稳定;明暗转换次数、隧道类型与连接段类型对驾驶人暗反应时间交互影响显著,随明暗转换次数的增加,隧道长度与驾驶人暗反应时间的减少速率呈正相关,连接段长度与驾驶人暗反应时间的减少速率呈负相关;明暗转换次数越多,连接段长度越短,驾驶人黑暗辨识错误率越高;明暗转换次数越多,连接段长度越短,隧道长度越长,驾驶人暗反应时间越短,越有利于交通安全,但频繁的明暗转换与极短的连接段会降低驾驶人的累计黑暗辨识正确率,存在安全隐患。The dark reaction time of 42 subjects with light-dark conversion times was measured in the designed darkroom, and the variations of dark reaction time of drivers under the influencing factors such as light-dark conversion times, tunnel type, and connecting-section type were researched. Dark reaction time of drivers with various influencing factors was analyzed by using the generalized linear and linear mixed models through repeated measurements. The interactive effects of light-dark conversion times, tunnel type, and connecting-section type on dark reaction timed of drivers were studied based on the influences of tunnel and connecting-section types on the variation rate of dark reaction time of drivers. A linear mixed model of light-dark conversion times, tunnel type, and connecting-section type was established. Analysis results show that dark reaction time of drivers decreases significantly with the increase of light-dark conversion times, reaches the minimum value and tends to become stable after three light-dark conversions. Light-dark conversion times, tunnel type, and connecting-section type have significant interactive effect on dark reaction time of drivers. As the number of light-dark conversion increases, tunnel length and connecting section are positively and negatively correlated with the reduction rate of dark reaction time, respectively. The more the light-dark conversion times and shorter connecting section length, the higher the error rate of driver recognition in darkness. The more the light-dark conversion times, shorter connecting section length, and longer tunnel length, the shorter the dark reaction time of drivers, which is more conducive to traffic safety. However, frequent light-dark conversion and extremely short connecting section reduce the driver cumulative recognition accuracy in darkness, which poses a safety hazard. 6 tabs, 5 figs, 31 refs.

关 键 词：交通安全 隧道群 暗反应时间 试验模拟 线性混合模型 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]