“钻-切-压”定向水力压裂顶煤弱化技术应用研究  

Application of drilling-cutting-fracturing directional hydraulic fracturing technology for top-coal weakening

作　　者：许红杰[1,2] XU Hong-jie(Coal Mining and Designing Department,Tiandi Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;Mining Institute,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2021年第6期73-76,共4页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：针对坚硬厚煤层综放开采条件下顶煤难冒放,安全可控性差的问题,提出了"钻-切-压"定向水力压裂顶煤弱化技术,并以榆神矿区神树畔煤矿为工程背景开展了现场试验,利用钻孔窥视、高频电磁波CT技术对压裂前、后顶煤体裂隙破裂及扩展状态进行了探测,统计分析了压裂前、后工作面顶煤回收率。工程实践结果表明,"钻-切-压"定向水力压裂顶煤弱化技术对顶煤裂隙的破裂及扩展效果显著,压裂后钻孔内顶煤裂隙发育比例增加23.5%,裂缝扩展贯通范围达到10m以上;致裂区域顶煤回收率得到明显改善,水压致裂段顶煤的日放煤量由3243t增至3433t,增加190t,提高5.5%;工作面顶煤回收率由66.16%增加至72.49%,较水压致裂前提高了6.33个百分点。该研究成果对坚硬难冒煤层综放开采回收率的提高具有重要的参考意义。As the top-coal in fully mechanized top-coal caving in thick hard coal seams is difficult to cave, bringing safety problems, a drilling-cutting-fracturing directional hydraulic fracturing technology was proposed for top-coal weakening, and field tests were carried out in Shenshupan Coal Mine of Yushen mining area. Borehole peeping and high-frequency electromagnetic wave CT technology were used to detect the fracture and expansion of the top-coal body, and the top-coal recovery rate was analyzed statistically before and after fracturing. The results show that, the technology significantly enhances the cracking and propagating of top coal cracks. After fracturing, the proportion of top-coal cracks in the borehole increased by 23.5%, and the cracks propagated over 10 m. Top-coal recovery rate in the fracturing area was improved by 5.5%, as the daily top-coal caving increased from 3243 t to 3433 t. And the top-coal recovery rate of the working face raised 6.33 percentage points from 66.16% to 72.49%, after the hydraulic fracturing. The research results can provide references for improving recovery rate of fully mechanized top-coal caving in hard and hard-to-cave coal seams.

关 键 词：坚硬厚煤层 综放开采 顶煤冒放 定向水力压裂 顶煤弱化 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]