干旱胁迫对不同品种胡麻生理特性和种子萌发的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Seed Germination of Different Varieties of Linum usitatissimum

作　　者：王利琴[1] 杨建春[1] 张永福[1] 郑敏娜[1] WANG Liqin;YANG Jianchun;ZHANG Yongfu;ZHENG Minna(High Latitude Crops Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Datong Shanxi 037008,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所,山西大同037008

出　　处：《种子》2021年第6期107-111,115,共6页Seed

基　　金：山西省农科院农业科技创新雁门关农牧交错带专项(YCX 2017 D 2103);山西省农科院育种工程项目(17 yzgc 071-1);国家特色油料产业技术体系胡麻大同综合试验站(CARS-14-2-06)。

摘　　要：为了研究干旱胁迫对不同品种胡麻(Linum usitatissimum L.)植株生理特性和种子萌发的影响,以陇亚12号、轮选2号和晋亚11号3个胡麻品种为试验材料,在温室条件下,采用营养液沙培法,在其生长至60 d时,利用PEG-6000进行4种水势梯度(0、-0.4、-0.8 MPa和-1.2 MPa)进行人工胁迫处理,分析了植株的株高、主茎分枝数和叶片生理生化等指标。结果表明,随着水分胁迫程度增加,胡麻的株高、主茎分枝数、叶片相对含水量和气孔导度逐渐下降;整体而言,干旱胁迫会显著影响胡麻的生理特性。随着干旱胁迫的加剧,胡麻的可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛含量及过氧化氢酶活性不断增加;陇亚12号和轮选2号胡麻叶片的可溶性蛋白含量均显著低于晋亚11号(p<0.05);陇亚12号的丙二醛含量均显著低于轮选2号和晋亚11号(p<0.05,除重度干旱胁迫外);经抗旱锻炼后,陇亚12号的种子萌发率显著高于轮选2号。研究表明,综合比较分析认为,陇亚12号的抗旱性优于晋亚11号和轮选2号,更适宜在北方较干旱地区推广利用。In order to investigate the effects of drought stress on plant physiological characteristics and seed germination of different varieties of Linum usitatissimum,three flax varieties,Longya 12,Lunxuan 2 and Jinya 11,were selected as experimental materials cultured with nutrient liquid sand under greenhouse conditions.The plant height,branch number of main stem and physiological and biochemical indexes of leaves of the 3 L.usitatissimum varieties were analyzed under PEG-6000 stress including four water potential gradients(0,-0.4,-0.8 and-1.2 MPa)after 60 days of growth.The results showed that the plant height,branch number of main stem,relative water content of leaves and stomatal conductance of L.usitatissimum decreased with the increase of water stress degree.Drought stress could significantly affect the physiological characteristics of L.usitatissimum on the whole,and the soluble protein content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and catalase activity of L.usitatissimum increased continuously with the intensification of drought stress.The soluble protein content in leaves of Longya 12 and Lunxuan 2 was significantly lower than that of Jinya 11(p<0.05),while the MDA content of Longya 12 was significantly lower than that of Lunxuan 2 and Jinya 11(p<0.05,except for severe drought stress).Also,the seed germination rate of Longya 12 was significantly higher than that of Lunxuan 2 after drought resistance treatment.According to the comprehensive comparative analysis,Longya 12 had better drought resistance than Jinya 11 and Lunxuan 2,and was more suitable for popularization and utilization in the arid areas of north China.

关 键 词：胡麻 叶片水分特征 生理特性 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]