桂西北地区壮族传统民居冬季室内热环境实测研究  

Field Study on Indoor Thermal Environment of Zhuang Traditional Dwellings in Northwest Guangxi in Winter

作　　者：刘虹伶[1] 杨真静[1] 唐鸣放[1] LIU Hongling;YANG Zhenjing;TANG Mingfang(Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学,重庆400045

出　　处：《建筑科学》2021年第6期113-121,共9页Building Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“西南多民族聚居区绿色建筑模式与技术体系”(2017YFC0702404);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目“巴渝传统民居物理环境性能提升集成技”。

摘　　要：壮族干栏式民居是中国传统民居的重要组成部分,为了解壮族传统民居冬季室内热环境特点,本文以龙脊古壮寨一个典型民居为研究对象,结合实测数据对民居冬季室内热环境进行分析与评价.结果表明:壮族民居外围护结构传热系数大,热惰性小,冬季室内外温差较小,最大温差为2.98℃;外围护结构水蒸气渗透系数大,室内排湿能力差,当室外相对湿度达到饱和,通风效果差的卧室2室内相对湿度达到99%.架空层和阁楼空间具有保温作用,可阻碍室内散热,减少热量损失.此外,火塘是居民日常生活的中心,采用火塘进行室内局部供暖是提高室内热舒适最有效的方式,但火塘的供暖方式使居民受热不均匀,会影响居民的热舒适感.Zhuang dwellings are an important part of the Chinese traditional dwellings.In order to understand the characteristics of the indoor thermal environment of Zhuang traditional dwellings in winter,this paper took a typical dwelling of the ancient Zhuang village in Longji as the research object.Based on the measured data,this paper analyzed and evaluated the indoor thermal environment of dwellings in winter.The results show that the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope is large and the thermal inertia is small.In winter,the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is small,with a maximum temperature difference of 2.98 ℃.The building envelope has a large water vapor permeability coefficient.The indoor humidity removal capacity is poor.When the outdoor relative humidity reaches saturation,the bedroom 2 with poor ventilation reaches 99%.In addition,the overhead layer and the attic space have a thermal insulation effect,which can hinder indoor heat dissipation and reduce heat loss.Finally,the fireplace is the center of residents'daily life.Using a fireplace for indoor local heating is the most effective way to improve indoor thermal comfort.However,the heating method of the fireplace causes uneven heating of residents,which will affect their thermal comfort of residents.

关 键 词：桂西北地区 传统民居 热环境 火塘 壮族 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]