超临界水氧化处理核电厂润滑油的实验研究  

Experimental study on supercritical water oxidation of lubricating oil from nuclear power plant

作　　者：李世斌 夏晓彬[1] 秦强[1,2] 王帅 马洪军[1] LI Shibin;XIA Xiaobin;QIN Qiang;WANG Shuai;MA Hongjun(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《核技术》2021年第7期91-98,共8页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(No.19YF1458000);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(No.XDA02050000)资助。

摘　　要：放射性废油主要来自核电厂主泵、汽轮机等设备的运行维护,是一种典型的放射性有机废液。由于没有适宜的处理技术,只能进行贮存,长期贮存具有泄漏和着火的安全隐患。为解决放射性废油的处理难题,开展了超临界水氧化处理核电厂润滑油的实验研究。考察了不同反应温度、反应时间、过氧系数对VG 32润滑油COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand)去除率的影响。实验结果表明:最佳的反应温度为550℃、反应时间为80 s、过氧系数为250%;在该条件下,有机物的去除率达96%以上。此外,还研究了420~580℃下超临界水氧化处理核电厂润滑油的反应动力学。结果表明:反应活化能Ea为43.10 kJ·mol^(-1),指前因子A为8.861 s^(-1),动力学模型计算值与实验值之间的偏差小于3%,表明该模型具有可信性。本研究为超临界水氧化处理放射性废油奠定了实验基础。[Background]Radioactive waste oil mainly comes from the maintenance of equipment such as main pumps and steam turbines of nuclear power plants(NPP),and is a typical radioactive organic liquid waste(ROLW).Because there is no suitable treatment technology for ROLW,it can only be stored for a long time.Long-term storage has potential safety hazards such as leakage and fire.[Purpose]This study aims to solve the problem of radioactive waste oil treatment by carrying out an experimental study on the supercritical water oxidation(SCWO)treatment of lubricating oil from NPP.[Methods]A continuous SCWO reaction system was used as experimental platform with maximum working temperature of the 600℃ and pressure of 28.4 MPa.The effects of different reaction temperature,reaction time and excess oxygen coefficient on the chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate of VG 32(Mobil DTE light turbine oil)lubricants were investigated.In addition,the reaction kinetics of SCWO treatment of lubricating oil from NPP at 420~580℃ was studied.[Results]The experimental results show that the best operating conditions are reaction temperature of 550℃,reaction time of 80 s and oxygen enrichment coefficient of 250%.Under these conditions,the COD removal rate of organic matter is up to 96%.The activation energy Ea of the reaction is 43.10 kJ·mol^(-1),and the pre exponential factor A is 8.861 s^(-1).The deviation between the calculated value of the kinetic model and the experimental value is less than 3%.[Conclusions]This work proves the credibity of the model,and lays an experimental basis for supercritical water oxidation treatment of radioactive waste oil.

关 键 词：超临界水氧化 VG 32润滑油 COD去除率 反应动力学 

分 类 号：X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]