社会经济地位与个体身体活动的关系及其影响因素  

Relationship between Socio-economic Status and Individual Physical Activity and Influential Factors

作　　者：祝大鹏[1,2] 梁斌[3] ZHU Dapeng;LIANG Bin(Dept.of Psychology,Wuhan Sports Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China;Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Scientific Sports and Health Promotion,Wuhan Sports Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China;College of P.E.,Chongqing Technology and Business Univ.,Chongqing 400067,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院心理学系,湖北武汉430079 [2]武汉体育学院科学运动与健康促进湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉430079 [3]重庆工商大学体育学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2021年第7期88-94,共7页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究资助项目(19YJA890044);武汉体育学院“东湖学子”资助项目。

摘　　要：社会经济地位是影响个体身体活动参与的重要社会因素。通过对国内外相关研究文献进行分析,检验社会经济地位对不同群体身体活动的影响效应,梳理社会经济地位影响个体身体活动参与的作用路径,发现(1)社会经济地位对个体的身体活动具有重要影响,但对青少年、普通人群和特殊人群身体活动的影响效应存在差异;(2)社会经济地位通过社区环境(体育活动设施、社区学校条件)、家庭因素(家庭物质环境、家庭成员身体活动行为)、久坐行为、超重或肥胖、锻炼动机(锻炼意图、自我效能)等因素对个体身体活动产生影响。(3)当前关于社会经济地位与身体活动关系的研究存在核心概念的界定与测量混乱、社会经济地位影响身体活动的理论构建缺乏等问题。Socio-economic status is an important social factor that influences the individuals’participation of physical activity.This study analyzed the effects and mechanism of socioeconomic status on physical activity of different people based on literature reviews both in China and abroad.The results suggested that the socio-economic status had significant influence on the individual physical activity,while the effect size was different on adolescents,ordinary people and special groups of people.Community environment(sports activity facilities,school conditions),sedentary behavior,overweight or obesity and exercise motivation(exercise intention,self-efficacy)had significant influences on individual physical activity.The current researches were faced with problems coming from unclear core concepts and measurement of socio-economic status,and from lack of theoretical construction of physical activities.

关 键 词：社会经济地位 身体活动 体育锻炼 社区环境 家庭因素 个体行为 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]