广西凌云浩坤湖国家湿地公园鱼类多样性与保护对策  

Fish Diversity and Conservation Strategies in Haokun Lake National Wetland Park in Lingyun,Guangxi

作　　者：修立辉 王大钧 左明鑫 谢婉蓉 覃靖岚 王栩佳 杨剑 XIU Lihui;WANG Dajun;ZUO Mingxin;XIE Wanrong;QIN Jinglan;WANG Xujia;YANG Jian(Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Lingyun Haokun Lake National Wetland Park Administration,Lingyun 533100,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [2]广西凌云浩坤湖国家湿地公园管理局,广西凌云533100

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期373-380,共8页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860600);广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFFA198010);广西高校科研项目(2018KY0362)。

摘　　要：2017年7月至2019年7月对广西凌云浩坤湖国家湿地公园鱼类资源进行了调查.结果表明,浩坤湖国家湿地公园共有鱼类56种,隶属于5目18科46属,其中鲤形目Cypriniformes 5科40种、鲈形目Perciformes 7科9种、鲇形目Siluriformes 4科5种、合鳃鱼目Synbranchiformes和鳉形目Cyprinodontiformes各1科1种.湿地公园内鱼类的DG指数为3.73,DF指数为5.44,DG-F指数为0.315.除尼罗罗非鱼Tilapia niloticus和食蚊鱼Gambusia affinis为外来种鱼类,其余均为流域内土著鱼类.浩坤湖国家湿地公园的鱼类分布区划为东洋区南东亚亚区中的华南小区,主要由中国平原区系复合体、南方平原区系复合体、南方山地区系复合体、晚第三纪早期区系复合体,以及少量中亚山地复合体鱼类组成.鲤鱼Cyprinus carpio、草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idella、鲇Silurus asotus、鲫鱼Carassius auratus、鲢Hypophthalmichthys molitrix、鳙Hypophthalmichthys nobilis、斑鳢Channa maculate、直口鲮Rectoris posehensis是浩坤湖湖体常见鱼类.暗色唇鲮Semilabeo obscurus、凌云金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus lingyunensis、鸭嘴金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus anatirostris、小眼金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus microphthalmus为浩坤湖国家湿地公园的珍稀鱼类.依据鱼类组成特点和鱼类指数,对湿地公园的鱼类多样性保护提出了相关建议.The fish resources in Haokun Lake National Wetland Park were investigated from July 2017 to July 2019.The results showed that there were total 56 species,belonging to 46 genera,18 families and 5 orders.Among them,there were 40 species 5 families of Cypriniformes,9 species 7 families of Perciformes,5 species 4 families of Siluriformes,1 species of Synbranchiformes and 1 species of Cyprinodontiformes.The D G index,D F index and D G-F index of fish in the wetland park were 3.73,5.44 and 0.315 respectively.Tilapia niloticus and Gambusia affinis are exotic species,and the other species were indigenous fishes.The fish distribution area of the Haokun Lake Wetland Park is divided into South China Community in South-East Subregionof East Asia region,which is mainly composed of Chinese plain faunal complex,South plain faunal complex,South mountain faunal complex,Early Neogene faunal complex,and a small amount of Central Asian mountain faunal complex fish.Cyprinus carpio,Ctenopharyngodon idella,Silurus asotus,Carassius auratus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,H.nobilis,Channa maculate,and Rectoris posehensis are common fishes in the lake.Semilabeo obscurus,Sinocyclocheilus lingyunensis,S.anatirostris and S.microphthalmus are rare fishes in the National Wetland Park.According to the characteristics of fish composition and fish index,some suggestions were put forward for the protection of fish diversity in wetland parky.

关 键 词：物种多样性 澄碧河 右江 外来种 洞穴鱼类 

分 类 号：Q959.46[生物学—动物学]