2019年安徽省血吸虫病疫情分析  

Analysis on the endemic status of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province in 2019

作　　者：许晓娟[1] 汪天平[1] 张世清[1] 何家昶[1] 汪昊[1] 丁宋军[1] 代波[1] 刘婷 高风华[1] XU Xiao-juan;WANG Tian-ping;ZHANG Shi-qing;HE Jia-chang;WANG Hao;DING Song-jun;DAI Bo;LIU Ting;GAO Feng-hua(Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control,Hefei 230601,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2021年第3期175-179,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202104j07020001)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019年安徽省血吸虫病疫情状况及变化趋势,为制定下一阶段血吸虫病防治策略提供依据。方法收集整理2019年全省血吸虫病疫情资料,采用描述性分析方法进行统计分析。结果截至2019年底,安徽省50个流行县(市、区)中9个达到传播控制标准,23个达到传播阻断标准,18个达到消除标准。全省询检190.52万人,阳性381878人;血清学检查86.20万人,阳性8864人;粪检6.16万人,未发现阳性患者;全省现有晚期血吸虫病患者5329人,无急性血吸虫病病例;全省流行村牛存栏24824头,共血清学检查365头,粪检13554头,未发现病牛。全省共调查钉螺87437.50 hm^(2),查出有螺面积20059.25 hm^(2),其中新发现钉螺面积38.90 hm^(2),复现钉螺面积39.55 hm^(2),未发现感染性钉螺;全年累计药物灭螺面积9768.77 hm^(2),消灭钉螺面积235.53 hm^(2)。2019年,全省50个国家级血吸虫病监测点病情监测未发现病人、病畜,钉螺监测发现有螺框出现率8.80%,活螺平均密度0.31只/0.11m^(2),未发现感染性钉螺。2004—2019年,全省人群和牛的平均感染率均呈现下降的趋势,分别下降了91.57%和100%。2006—2019年,有螺面积在26300~31000 hm^(2)间徘徊波动并有小幅下降的态势,已连续7年未发现急性血吸虫病病例和感染性钉螺。结论全省血吸虫病疫情整体进一步下降,局部地区依然存在血吸虫病传播风险。为推进血吸虫病消除目标进程,应继续加强传染源防控,控制重点有螺环境,完善监测预警机制。Objective To analyze the endemic status of schistosomiasis and epidemiological trend in Anhui Province in 2019,so as to provide evidence in developing prevention and control measures for schistosomiasis prevalence in following stage.Methods The data of schistosomiasis prevalence and control in Anhui Province in 2019 were collected,and analyzed using descriptive statistic method.Results By the end of 2019,9,23 and 18 endemic counties had met the criteria of transmission control,transmission interruption and elimination,respectively.In 2019,a total of 381878 people of 1.9052 million were screened as positive by inquiring investigation.Blood test of 0.8620 million people revealed 8864 positive cases,yet fecal test of 61600 people showed no positive infection.There were still 5329 patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Anhui Province,and no acute cases were reported in 2019.Of the 24824 cattle in stock from endemic areas,365 bovines were screened by blood test and 13554 by stool test,no infection was found by the two tests.Snail survey conducted in a total of 87435.50 hm^(2) revealed that snails were prevalent in 20059.25 hm^(2),where snails were newly discovered in 38.90 hm^(2),and reemerged 39.55 hm^(2),yet no infected snails were detected.Molluscicide was applied to a total area of 9768.77 hm^(2),where snails were eradicated in 235.53 hm^(2).In 2019,no infection was found in population or livestock in the 50 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites.The snail frame rate and the density of living snail were 8.80%and 0.31/0.11m^(2),respectively,yet no infected snails were found.The average infection rate tended to decline in population and bovines from^(2)004 to 2019,with a decrease of 91.57%and 100%,respectively.The area of snail distribution was fluctuated between 26300 hm^(2) and 31000 hm^(2),with a trend of slight decrease from^(2)006 to 2019.No cases of acute schistosomiasis and infected snails were found in Anhui Province since 2013.Conclusion The overall endemic status of schistosomiasis in Anhui Provinc

关 键 词：血吸虫病 钉螺 疫情分析 安徽省 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]