放牧强度对短花针茅植物种群空间分布的影响  

Effects of grazing intensity on the spatial distribution of Stipa breviflora population

作　　者：李治国 吕世杰 闫宝龙 韩国栋 王忠武 屈志强 王静 LI Zhiguo;LYU Shijie;YAN Baolong;HAN Guodong;WANG Zhongwu;QU Zhiqiang;WANG Jing(College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第6期1060-1068,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060384);内蒙古自然科学基金(2018MS03017);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0100)。

摘　　要：为探讨荒漠草原建群种短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)空间分布的多重分形特征及其在不同放牧强度下的响应规律,本研究以内蒙古四子王旗短花针茅荒漠草原为研究对象,设置对照(CK)、轻度放牧(LG)、中度放牧(MG)和重度放牧(HG)4个放牧强度,载畜率分别为每公顷每半年0、0.93、1.82和2.71个羊单位,结合变异分析和多重分形研究方法,结果表明:在不同放牧强度下,短花针茅植物种群空间分布存在多重分形特征;伴随放牧强度的增大(轻度放牧除外),短花针茅植物种群空间分布的多重分形复杂性降低:生态位宽度几乎没有变化,空间分布由聚集状态转为均匀状态,个体间的竞争强度增大;轻度放牧下短花针茅植物种群空间分布多重分形特征最为复杂:生态位宽度降低,空间分布聚集特征最明显,个体间的竞争强度最小。无论放牧强度如何变化,短花针茅植物种群在植物群落中的主导地位没有改变,空间分布的整体特征是以大概率子集空间分布为主。In this study,the multi-fractal characteristics of the spatial distribution of Stipa breviflora in desert steppe with four grazing intensities are discussed.The four grazing treatments were control area of no grazing(CK),light grazing(LG),moderate grazing(MG),and heavy grazing(HG),with stocking rates of 0,0.93,1.82,and 2.71 AUM per hectare per half year,respectively.Based on the box plot and multifractal research methods,the following results indicate that under different grazing intensities,the spatial distribution of the S.breviflora population shows multifractal characteristics.With increasing grazing intensities(except for light grazing),the multifractal complexity of the spatial distribution of S.breviflora population decreases,the niche width almost did not change,the spatial distribution changes from an aggregation state to a uniform state,and the competition intensity among individuals increases.The multifractal characteristics of the spatial distribution of S.breviflora population are the most complex under light grazing:the niche width decreases,the spatial distribution aggregation characteristics are the most obvious,and the competition intensity among individuals is the lowest.Regardless of how the grazing intensity changes,the dominant position of the S.breviflora population in the plant community did not change,and the overall spatial distribution was dominated by the large probability subset.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 放牧强度 短花针茅 多重分形 空间分布 统计阶距 奇异性指数 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]