《吴子》的篇卷、真伪及版本源流考述  

Textual Research on Volume,Authenticity and Edition Origin of Wu Zi

作　　者：孙董霞 SUN Dong-xia(Department of Chinese,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学中文系,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《兰州文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期47-55,共9页Journal of Lanzhou University of Arts and Science(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“先秦‘德’观念的演变及其思想史维度研究”(20XJAZH008)。

摘　　要：《吴子》又名《吴起兵法》《吴子兵法》等,战国吴起撰。《汉志》著录四十八篇,今存六篇。按照晁公武的说法,今传本在唐代已经基本定型。关于《汉志》著录四十八篇与今传六篇本的关系素有争论。解决这一问题,东汉末年的贾诩注本很关键。《汉志》所录附益者多,贾诩所注当是《汉志》所录四十八篇中的精要部分,亦即韩非、司马迁所见的先秦《吴起兵法》原著,这也和曹操所注《吴孙子》八十二篇中的十三篇亦即司马迁所说的“孙子十三篇”类似,所以篇数大大少于班氏著录之数,并非“阙亡多矣”。关于《吴子》的真伪,有持西汉或六朝时人伪托论者。两汉作伪的可能性不大,六朝的战乱反而有利于兵书的传承和发展,故作伪之论并无充分的理据。《吴子》旧本多为一卷本和三卷本,宋时《吴子》被纳入《武经七书》,后以《武经》本刊行者居多。当前所见版本可分为收入丛书的武经白文本、宋明以来的武经旧注本、单行本三类。但旧本已不多见,亦非流通之普通读物。今人的整理本多译注和简注本,故学界当综合古今注本重新整理《吴子》,尽快推出新的校注整理本,以便于治学之用。Wu Zi,known as Wu Qi’s Art of War,Wu Zi’s Art of War and so on,has been written by Wuqi in the Warring States period.There are 48 records in Art and Culture of the History of Han Dynasty(Han Zhi),of which six are still in existence.According to Chao Gongwu,the classical edition of Wu Zi has been basically finalized in the Tang Dynasty.There is always a dispute about the relationship between the 48 chapters recorded in Han Zhi and the 6 chapters of current version.To solve this problem,the annotation of Jia Xu at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty is very important.There are many additional contents in Han Zhi.Jia Xu’s annotation should be the essential part of the 48 chapters recorded in Han Zhi,that is the original works of Wu Zi seen by Han Fei and Sima Qian,which is also similar to the 13 chapters of Cao Cao’s 82 chapters annotation of Master Sun’s Art of War,similar to the 13 Chapters of Sun Zi said by Sima Qian.As for the authenticity of Wu Zi,some people hold the theory that it was faked in the Western Han Dynasty or the Six Dynasties.It is impossible that was faked in the Han Dynasty.The war in the Six Dynasties is conducive to the inheritance and development of military books.Most of the old editions of Wu Zi are one volume and three volumes.In the Song Dynasty,Wu Zi was included in the Wujing,and most of them were published accompany of Wujing.At present,the editions can be divided into three categories:the white version of Wujing collected in series,the old annotated version of Wujing since the Song and Ming Dynasties,and the single edition.However,the old version is rare,and they are not common versions in circulation.Therefore,the academic circle should reorganize Wu Zi based on the ancient and modern annotations,and launch a new collation edition as soon as possible,so as to facilitate the use of academic research.

关 键 词：《吴子》 流传 篇卷 辨伪 版本源流 

分 类 号：G256[文化科学—图书馆学]